Righting recidivism: unlocking the cognitive underpinnings of successful interventions to reduce reoffending

纠正累犯：释放成功干预措施的认知基础，以减少再犯罪

• 批准号: MR/T041099/2
• 负责人: Martha Newson
• 金额: $ 45.62万
• 依托单位: University of Greenwich
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT041099%2F2
• 关键词: Righting; recidivism; unlocking; cognitive; underpinnings

Recidivism is one of the greatest socio-economic burdens the UK currently faces. At an estimated total cost of £18.1 billion a year, prison re-entry places a substantial burden on the national economy. This exacerbates reoffending's associated societal costs, including deviance, unstable communities and displacement. There is a 48% chance that an offender will go on to re-offend within a 12-month period, worsening the current prison overcrowding crisis, which is associated with severe mental health issues and a spread in infectious diseases. Re-offending rates are currently stable in the UK, providing an ideal time to conduct research into reducing them and the burden they place on the economy and wider civil society.We already know that powerful group identities lead people to enact extraordinary behaviours for their groups - from hardcore football fans travelling the globe for a game to gang members committing atrocities against their rivals. Can this problem be turned on its head to provide a solution? Can group passion be harnessed for the social good? More specifically, how can we foster positive social identities that are powerful enough to re-write offenders' self-narratives? I will apply the theoretical framework of 'identity fusion' - an intense, lasting form of social bonding - to prison populations. For the first time, this research integrates literatures on fusion to sports identities (as a catalyst for reform), shared experiences, women's roles in offending communities as well as men's, and approaches to intervention implementation.The proposed seven-year research project crosses disciplines and methodologies, and has secured support from major non-academic partners to address these questions, including the MoJ, HMPPS and the Twinning Project - a nationwide intervention that pairs major football clubs with prisons and gives football-industry training and sustainable social identities to prisoners. Primarily informed by anthropology, psychology and criminology, the project will create novel tools using cross-cultural practices, which can be applied nationwide to affect positive, viable societal change. This research is further supported by two postdoctoral researchers, a core team of carefully selected mentors, and five additional UK and international collaborators.Crucially, I focus on women within this framework - as pivotal actors within both the justice system and the communities that receive ex-offenders - though they are much neglected in both the literatures on identity fusion and re-offending. Despite representing just 5% of offenders, women account for a disproportionately high cost to the criminal justice system: policing females alone is estimated at £1bn a year. Nonetheless, they are also a particularly vulnerable population: 60% will have experienced domestic violence, around 25% have dependent children, and many of them self-harm (five times as many as men).As a recognised expert on social bonding and violence among football fans, I will draw upon my theoretical and applied knowledge to analyse existing interventions, design a toolkit for future interventions, and implement the researched practices in particularly vulnerable and critical populations (e.g. female and young offenders). This project will afford me recognition as a world leader in my field and help to grow a team of inter-disciplinary researchers, united by a passion to tackle reoffending.

累犯是英国目前面临的最大社会经济负担之一。据估计，每年重新进入监狱的总成本为181亿英镑，这给国民经济带来了巨大的负担。这加剧了再犯罪的相关社会成本，包括越轨、不稳定的社区和流离失所。罪犯在12个月内再次犯罪的可能性为48%，这加剧了目前监狱人满为患的危机，这与严重的精神健康问题和传染病的传播有关。目前，英国的再犯罪率很稳定，这为研究降低再犯罪率及其给经济和更广泛的公民社会带来的负担提供了理想的时机。我们已经知道，强大的群体认同感会导致人们为他们的群体做出非凡的行为--从环游世界观看比赛的铁杆足球迷到对对手犯下暴行的帮派成员。这个问题能颠覆过来提供解决方案吗？群体激情能被用来造福社会吗？更具体地说，我们如何培养积极的社会认同，这些认同足够强大，足以重写罪犯的自我叙述？我将把‘身份融合’--一种强烈而持久的社会纽带形式--的理论框架应用于监狱人口。这项研究首次整合了关于融合运动身份(作为改革的催化剂)、共享经验、女性在违规社区中的角色以及男性的干预实施方法的文献。拟议的七年研究项目跨越学科和方法，并获得了主要非学术合作伙伴的支持，以解决这些问题，包括司法部、HMPPS和孪生项目-一个全国性的干预项目，将主要足球俱乐部与监狱配对，并为囚犯提供足球行业培训和可持续的社会身份。该项目主要受人类学、心理学和犯罪学的启发，将使用跨文化实践创建新的工具，这些工具可以在全国范围内应用，以影响积极、可行的社会变革。这项研究得到了两名博士后研究人员、一个由精心挑选的导师组成的核心团队以及另外五名英国和国际合作者的进一步支持。关键是，我将重点放在这个框架内的女性--作为司法系统和接收有前科的社区的关键参与者--尽管她们在身份融合和再犯罪的文献中都被忽视了。尽管女性只占罪犯的5%，但女性在刑事司法系统中的成本却高得不成比例：据估计，仅女性警察一年就要花费10亿英镑。尽管如此，她们也是一个特别脆弱的群体：60%的人会经历家庭暴力，大约25%的人有独立的孩子，其中许多人会自我伤害(人数是男性的五倍)。作为一名公认的足球迷中的社会纽带和暴力问题专家，我将利用我的理论和应用知识来分析现有的干预措施，为未来的干预设计工具包，并在特别脆弱和关键的人群(如女性和青少年罪犯)中实施研究的做法。这个项目将使我成为我所在领域的世界领先者，并帮助发展一支由跨学科研究人员组成的团队，他们以解决再犯罪的热情团结在一起。

项目成果

'We need community': Bridging the path to desistance from crime with community football

“我们需要社区”：通过社区足球架起阻止犯罪的桥梁

• DOI: 10.1002/casp.2757
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Newson M