Violence, Health and Society

暴力对健康造成损害，特别是对精神健康的长期损害。心理健康受到暴力的严重影响。这些对精神健康的伤害可能比对身体健康的直接伤害更持久。他们的后果影响到一个人的一生，影响到他们在社会中的运作，还会产生更多的后果。减少这种心理健康状况不佳的“上游”决定因素将显著改善人群的健康。在暴力领域，我们对家庭暴力和性暴力特别感兴趣，因为这些是造成精神健康不平等的重要原因。我们解决了如何将这些问题纳入多个行业的主流，而不是只将它们视为专门关注的问题。我们联盟的目标是在比以前更高和更早的阶段将预防暴力纳入主流。它们不仅包括卫生服务，而且还包括执法(大多数暴力是一种犯罪)、社会服务(对儿童保护特别重要)、专门服务(帮助暴力受害者/幸存者的第三部门组织)以及关注法律、政策和数据质量的政府机构。暴力和精神疾病之间的联系很复杂，因为它们是由许多社会制度(机构)调停的。确定这些联系(因果路径)将有助于开发更有效的干预措施。目前，评估干预措施有效性所需的数据很弱。这在一定程度上是因为每个专门的学术学科和专业都有不同的暴力衡量方法，这使得跨越这些差异的合作变得困难。我们不仅需要协调一致的核心指标来进行跨行业的成本效益比较，我们还需要调整和扩展我们的指标，以涵盖技术促成的滥用的新形式。该联盟旨在改进衡量框架和数据可用性，以帮助对干预措施进行跨部门评估。它寻求发展学术界和专业人士之间的合作，以期最好地做到这一点。在就如何进行达成协议后，我们将制定评估干预措施所需的数据。这包括发展数据提供者之间的合作，就共同类别达成协议，并使数据更容易获得。这涉及到对数据保护问题的关心和关注，以及制定定制的数据共享协议，尊重生成数据的社区。我们将通过在共享测量框架上加强合作，释放多个数据源的潜力。这些数据集包括主要的全国性调查，如成人精神病学发病率调查(全国心理健康调查，包括暴力经历的信息)和英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查(全国调查，包括暴力及其后果随时间的变化)。它们包括来自专业和实践的管理数据集，包括警察、卫生和社会服务、专业服务和技术公司。我们将多个数据集的数据分析员放置在同一空间，以促进通常不同学科之间的技术合作。有了新改进的数据，我们将使用学术、统计和从业人员的知识以及联盟的资源来评估关键干预措施。这些都是机构和系统层面的干预措施。我们把处理已经受到暴力影响的个人的创伤的问题留给其他人处理。我们的重点是“预防”人群中的暴力行为，目的是通过确定最有效的干预措施来减少人群中的暴力行为，以减少对健康，特别是精神健康的危害。

Violence causes harms to health, especially long-lasting harms to mental health. Mental health is significantly impacted by violence. These harms to mental health can be more long-lasting than the immediate harms to physical health. They have consequences that reverberate through a person's life impacting on their functioning in society, with still further consequences. Reducing such 'upstream' determinants of poor mental health would significantly improve the health of the population. Investigating the effectiveness of potential interventions to reduce exposure to violence is central to the proposal.Within the field of violence, we have special interest in domestic and sexual violence because these are significant causes of inequalities in mental health. We address how to mainstream these issues across multiple sectors rather than seeing them as only of specialised concern. Our Consortium aims to mainstream violence prevention at higher and earlier stages than before.Multiple institutions are relevant to preventing violence. They include not only health services, but also law enforcement (most violence is a crime), social services (especially important for child protection), specialised services (Third Sector organisations that help victim/survivors of violence), and governmental bodies concerned with law, policy and data quality. The connections between violence and mental ill health are complicated since they are mediated by many social systems (institutions). Identifying these connections (causal pathways) would aid the development of more effective interventions.The data needed to assess the effectiveness of interventions is currently weak. This is partly because each specialised academic discipline and profession has a different way of measuring violence, which makes cooperation across these differences difficult. Not only do we need harmonised core metrics for cross-sector cost-benefit comparisons, we also need to adapt and extend our metrics to capture the new forms of technology-facilitated abuse. The Consortium aims to improve the measurement framework and data availability to aid the cross-sector evaluation of interventions. It seeks to develop cooperation between academics and professionals as to how this is best done. After reaching agreement on how to proceed, we would develop the data needed to assess interventions. This involves developing cooperation between data providers, agreements on common categories, and making data more available. This involves care and attention to issues of data protection and the development of bespoke agreements on data sharing that respect the communities that generate data.We would unlock the potential in multiple data sources with increased cooperation over a shared measurement framework. These data sets include major national surveys such as the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (national survey of mental health that includes information on experience of violence), and the Crime Survey for England and Wales (national survey that includes changes over time in violence and their consequences). They include administrative data sets from professions and practices, including the police, health and social services, specialised services and technology companies. We would locate data analysts of multiple data sets in the same space to facilitate technical cooperation between usually separate disciplines.With the newly improved data, we would use academic, statistical, and practitioner knowledge and the resources of the Consortium to assess key interventions. These are interventions at the level of institutions and systems. We leave to others the issue of addressing the treatment of trauma in individuals already affected by violence. Our focus is the 'prevention' of violence in the population.The aim is to reduce the harm to health, especially mental health, by identifying the most effective interventions to reduce violence in the population.