Combatting Antibiotic Resistance in Philippine lakes: One-health upstream interventions to ease the burden

当人类和动物使用抗生素时，一些药物可能会通过尿液或粪便排出，或者当作为饲料和水给动物时，可能会流入环境中。在这两种情况下，抗生素和耐抗生素细菌都可能进入河道，如湖泊等重要的水源，用于捕鱼、养殖鱼虾和休闲。这种污染可能导致抗生素耐药性的传播。对主要抗生素的耐药性的发展是治疗人类感染的一个值得关注的问题。亚洲对抗生素使用的限制较少，这意味着从农业和医学的使用来看，这是一个迅速发展的问题。在这个项目中，我们将评估菲律宾人类和动物使用抗微生物药物如何导致吕宋岛大型拉古纳湖受到污染。然后，我们将在动物中应用物理干预措施，如废水处理和实践中的变化（抗菌药物管理），并评估污染的变化。如果成功，这些方法可以在亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的其他发展中国家使用。

When antibiotics are used in humans and animals some of the drug may be passed out into urine or faeces, or when delivered in feed and water to animals may run off into the environment. In both cases antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria may enter water courses such as lakes important as sources of water, for fishing, farming of fish and prawns and for leisure. This contamination may lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance. The development of resistance to key antibiotics is of concern in treating human infections. Fewer restrictions on the use of antibiotics in Asia mean this is a rapidly developing problem both from use in agriculture and medicine.In this project we will assess how antimicrobial use in both humans and animals in Philippines leads to contamination of the large Laguna Lake in Luzon Island. We will then apply physical interventions such as waste water treatment and changes in practice (antimicrobial stewardship) in animals and assess changes to contamination. If successful these approaches can be used in other developing countries sin Asia, Africa and Latin America.