LESION SPECIFIC DEFICITS IN VISUO MOTOR BEHAVIOR

特定病变的视觉运动行为缺陷

• 批准号: 6206362
• 负责人: WILLIAM H MERIGAN
• 金额: $ 3.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-14 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6206362
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical resource; cognition; computers; informatics; mental disorders; nervous system; psychology; skeletal system

Our previous work has using the block-copying task demonstrated unexpected trade-offs between observer eye and head movements and the use of visual memory in ongoing tasks. Understanding the operation of visual memory is crucial in making the transition from an understanding of low level perceptual machinery to understanding of how perception mediates ongoing sensori-motor bahavior. Recently we developed a new paradigm for exploring simple sensori-motor behaviors, in which observers construct wooden models of objects. Initial results confirm the crucial role of fixation that we observed with the simpler copying task, indicating that these memory/eye movement tradeoffs are a ubiquitous feature of normal sensori-motor behavior. During the past year we studied the way tradeoffs between eye fixations and memory change in the context of familiar visual objects, and how complex tasks become automatised". A crucial component of behavioral flexibility is our ability to learn sub-components of complex tasks (automati-sation) in order to perform the task more efficiently with minimal high level control. Initial observations suggest that automatization is revealed in the fixation patterns to the model. As learning progresses, each fixation gives more visual information. This corresponds to the process of "chunking," or consolidation of referents. Although this process has long been hypothesised and is a crucial component of cognitive models, it has proven elusive to study with standard psychological techniques. These experiments now allow us to look at the development of the chunking process. This project dovetails with a major research project at the University of Bielefeld, Germany, that uses the same wooden construction pieces in the development of machine recognition systems for language and vision.

我们以前的工作使用块复制任务演示 观察者眼睛和头部运动之间的意外权衡， 在进行中的任务中使用视觉记忆 了解操作 视觉记忆在从一个人的大脑 理解低级知觉机制 知觉如何介导持续的感觉运动障碍。 最近我们 开发了一种探索简单感觉运动行为的新模式， 观察者用木头做物体的模型。 初始 结果证实了我们观察到的固定的关键作用， 简单的复制任务，表明这些记忆/眼球运动 权衡是正常感觉运动行为的普遍特征。 在过去的一年里，我们研究了眼睛之间的权衡方式， 固定和记忆在熟悉的视觉对象的背景下发生变化， 以及复杂的任务如何自动化。 的关键组成部分 行为灵活性是我们学习的子组件的能力， 复杂的任务（自动化），以便执行任务更多 以最低限度的高水平控制。 初步意见 这表明，自动化是揭示在固定模式， 该模型 随着学习的进展，每次注视都会给人更多的视觉感受， 信息. 这对应于“组块”的过程，或 参考文献的整合。 虽然这一过程长期以来 假设，是认知模型的重要组成部分，它有 用标准的心理学技术来研究是很难的 这些 实验现在让我们可以看到组块的发展， 过程 这个项目与一个主要的研究项目相吻合， 德国的比勒费尔德大学，使用相同的木制 机器识别系统开发中的结构件 for language语言and vision视觉.