R-loops: from molecular principles to their roles in human disease

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DNA encodes the instructions necessary for our cells to function. In order to read DNA's instructions, cells must first convert them into the RNA code, in a process called transcription. During transcription, newly made RNA can bind to the original DNA strand, forming structures called R-loops. R-loops are formed in all living organisms and are essential for many cellular processes. However, uncontrolled accumulation of R-loops can lead to severe human diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Therefore, it is important to understand how R-loops are regulated. We will use state-of-the-art technology to study factors that control R-loop behavior in healthy cells. We will identify the mechanisms of their action, characterize their cellular targets and reveal their complex relationship with each other. This information will shed light on how R-loops contribute to human neurodegenerative diseases, and potentially identify new therapeutic targets.