Securing Transparency And Reproducibility in studies of Nutritional interventions (STAR-Nut)

医学研究的目的是改善人们的健康。然而，有人认为，高达85%的医学研究不能为我们的知识做出贡献或用于改善医疗保健实践，因为它设计糟糕，从未发表，过了很长时间才发表，发表的细节不足，或者只发表了一些结果。医学研究界在过去十年中调查了这些问题，资助者，期刊和政策制定者，在其他研究用户中，提出并支持各种倡议和工具，以帮助研究人员更好地开展和发表研究，使他们能够充分促进我们对健康和医疗保健的理解。其中一些工具是报告指南。研究人员在撰写期刊文章时使用这些简单的检查表来记住他们需要包括在手稿中的关键信息，因此读者可以理解所使用的方法或复制研究。研究人员检查论文的质量，以评估他们的领域是否普遍擅长撰写论文。如果他们发现这些论文经常没有提到重要信息，他们可能会与专家合作制定一个新的报告准则。然而，他们通常不去检查是否已经有足够的指导，或者问题是否不是缺乏指导，而是缺乏对指导的教育或认识。营养科学是一个经常面临争议的研究领域。营养因素与健康相关结果之间的关联很难衡量。一种食物可能含有多种营养素，它们在我们的身体中相互作用，很难计算出每种成分的效果。鉴于营养科学研究的复杂性，必须清晰完整地报告研究结果，以便研究方法易于理解，研究结果能够合理使用。但不幸的是，这些研究报告的质量并不高。我们正在整合营养干预研究的报告指南。如今，所有试验，包括营养干预试验，必须在开始之前进行注册。根据我们绘制营养干预研究景观的背景工作以及报告的情况，我们将调查营养科学家和营养干预研究的其他用户，以讨论营养科学是否需要自己的报告指南。如果我们发现报告不佳，但新的指南不是答案，我们还将讨论向研究人员提供现有指南的最佳方法，并帮助他们改进研究报告。我们今天的营养研究地图将对研究人员和资助者有用，帮助他们计划和进行逾期的营养研究。我们的最终建议-无论是新的报告指南还是如何改进现有指南的使用-都将有助于确保营养干预研究得到更好的报告，使其方法和结果更容易理解和使用。适当地报告研究是研究周期的重要组成部分，因此也是研究方法的重要组成部分。今天更好的论文将有助于确保明天设计更好的研究，营养干预领域的更快科学进步，以及更好地利用强有力的科学证据，造福患者和公众。

SummaryMedical research aims to improve people's health. However, it has been suggested that up to 85% of all medical research cannot contribute to our knowledge or be used to improve healthcare practices because it is designed badly, never published, published after a long time, published with insufficient details, or published with only some of the results.The medical research community has investigated these problems over the past decade and funders, journals, and policymakers, among other research users, have proposed and supported initiatives and tools to help researchers conduct and publish their studies well enough so that they can fully contribute to our understanding of health and healthcare.Some of these tools are reporting guidelines. Researchers use these simple checklists when writing a journal article to remember key information they need to include in their manuscripts, so readers can understand the methods used or reproduce the study.There are reporting guidelines for many study designs and clinical areas. Researchers check the quality of papers to assess whether their field is generally good at writing them. If they find that the papers routinely do not mention important information, they might work with experts to create a new reporting guideline. However, they usually do not check whether adequate guidance already exists, or whether the problem is not the lack of guidance but the lack of education or awareness about that guidance.Nutrition science is one area of research that constantly faces controversy. Associations between nutritional factors and health-related outcomes are difficult to measure. A single food can contain several nutrients, and they interact with each other in our body, making it difficult to work out each component's effect. With such complexity, it is vital that nutrition science studies are reported clearly and completely so that their methods can be easily understood and their findings used sensibly - but, unfortunately, the suggestion is that these papers are not well-reported.We are consolidating reporting guidance for studies of nutritional interventions.Today, all trials, including those on nutritional interventions, must be registered before they begin. Based on our background work to map the landscape of nutritional interventions' research and how well it is reported, we will survey nutrition scientists and other users of nutritional interventions' research to discuss whether nutrition science needs its own reporting guidelines. If we find that reporting is poor but a new guideline isn't the answer, we'll also discuss the best way to get existing guidance to researchers and help them to improve the reporting of their studies.Our map of nutritional research today will be useful for researchers and funders, to help them plan and conduct overdue nutritional research. Our final recommendations - for either a new reporting guideline or how to improve the use of existing guidance - will help ensure studies of nutritional interventions are better reported so their methods and results can be more easily understood and used.Reporting research appropriately is an essential component of the research cycle, and therefore an essential component of the research methods. Better papers today will help ensure better-designed studies tomorrow, faster scientific advances in the area of nutritional interventions, and better use of robust scientific evidence for the benefit of patients and the general public.