The Identification of Arable Rice Systems in Prehistory

史前水稻耕作系统的识别

• 批准号: NE/G005540/1
• 负责人: Dorian Fuller
• 金额: $ 70.22万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG005540%2F1
• 关键词: Identification; Arable; Rice; Systems; Prehistory

We will determine the nature of early rice agricultural systems in East and South Asia, whether they were based on wetland paddy cultivation or dryland cultivation, and how the ecology of early rice fields developed out of that of wild rice. In order to do this we will develop a clear and easily applied method for detecting rice ecosystems, whether or wild type, wetland paddy type or dry, rainfed type using both archaeological seed assemablages and phytolith (plant silica) analyses. This will involve study of modern populations of wild rice and associated wild plants (weeds) and the weeds associated with different agricultural practices in modern but traditional contexts in Eastern India, Thailand, Cambodia and China. We will apply these methods to archaeological sites from the Lower Yangzte region of China dating from 5000 BC to 2000 BC and in Central China from ca. 4000 BC to 1500 BC, and in northern and eastern India dating from 2000 BC to 200 BC. We will then be able to see how the ecology of rice plants changes when people domesticated this species and in relation to later agricultural developements. Because wet rice fields produce quantities of methane, a better understanding of h0ow much wet rice cultivation in the past can contribute to a better understanding of the role of human activities in modifying the global environment in prehistory. Since Methane is a greenhouse gas, it has been proposed that rice cultivation from 3000 BC began to elevate methane levels and cause global warming. Our new methods will allow us to test this hypothesis from the archaeobotanical evidence from sites of prehistoric rice cultivators.

我们将确定东亚和南亚的早稻农业系统的性质，它们是基于湿地水稻种植还是旱地种植，以及早稻田的生态如何从野生稻发展而来。为了做到这一点，我们将开发一个明确的和易于应用的方法来检测水稻生态系统，无论是野生型，湿地水稻型或干燥，种植型使用考古种子assemablages和植硅体（植物硅）分析。这将涉及研究野生稻和相关野生植物（杂草）的现代种群，以及与印度东部、泰国、柬埔寨和中国现代但传统背景下不同农业实践相关的杂草。我们将把这些方法应用于中国长江下游地区公元前5000年至公元前2000年的考古遗址和中国中部约公元前2000年的考古遗址。公元前4000年至公元前1500年，以及公元前2000年至公元前200年在印度北方和东部。然后，我们将能够看到当人们驯化这个物种时，水稻植物的生态是如何变化的，以及与后来的农业发展的关系。由于湿稻田会产生大量的甲烷，因此更好地了解过去有多少湿稻种植可以有助于更好地了解史前人类活动在改变全球环境中的作用。由于甲烷是一种温室气体，有人提出，从公元前3000年开始种植水稻开始提高甲烷水平，导致全球变暖。我们的新方法将使我们能够从史前水稻种植者遗址的考古植物学证据中验证这一假设。

项目成果

Dating the Anthropocene: Towards an empirical global history of human transformation of the terrestrial biosphere

• DOI: 10.12952/journal.elementa.000018
• 发表时间: 2013-12-04
• 期刊: Elementa-Science of the Anthropocene
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Ellis, Erle C.;Fuller, Dorian Q.;Lutters, Wayne G.
• 通讯作者: Lutters, Wayne G.

Sherds as archaeobotanical assemblages: Gua Sireh reconsidered

• DOI: 10.15184/aqy.2020.166
• 发表时间: 2020-10-01
• 期刊: ANTIQUITY
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Barron, Aleese;Datan, Ipoi;Denham, Tim
• 通讯作者: Denham, Tim

A step forward in tropical anthracology: understanding woodland vegetation and wood uses in ancient Sri Lanka based on charcoal records from Mantai, Kirinda and Kantharodai

热带人类学的进步：根据 Mantai、Kirinda 和 Kantharodai 的木炭记录了解古代斯里兰卡的林地植被和木材用途

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2020.12.009
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Quaternary International
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Allué E

From Early Domesticated Rice of the Middle Yangtze Basin to Millet, Rice and Wheat Agriculture: Archaeobotanical Macro-Remains from Baligang, Nanyang Basin, Central China (6700-500 BC).

从中扬兹盆地的早期驯化米饭到小米，米饭和小麦农业：来自中国中部南南盆地巴利甘（Baligang）的考古植物学宏观雷（Baligang）（公元前6700 - 500年）。

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139885
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Deng Z;Qin L;Gao Y;Weisskopf AR;Zhang C;Fuller DQ
• 通讯作者: Fuller DQ

Archaeogenetic study of prehistoric rice remains from Thailand and India: evidence of early japonica in South and Southeast Asia

• DOI: 10.1007/s12520-015-0236-5
• 发表时间: 2016-09-01
• 期刊: ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Castillo, Cristina Cobo;Tanaka, Katsunori;Fuller, Dorian Q.
• 通讯作者: Fuller, Dorian Q.