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Just ecosystem management: Linking ecosystem services with poverty alleviation

公正的生态系统管理：将生态系统服务与扶贫联系起来

基本信息

批准号：
NE/I003282/1
负责人：
Thomas Sikor
金额：
$ 28.81万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI003282%2F1
关键词：
Just ecosystem management Linking services

项目摘要

The ecosystem services approach emphasises the many ways nature sustains and enriches people's lives. Valuation of ecosystem services can contribute to ecosystem conservation and human wellbeing. For these efforts to result in poverty alleviation, however, scientists must tackle the relationship between ecosystem services and wellbeing with reference to environmental justice. Ecosystem services tend to benefit some stakeholders more than others. Decision making in ecosystem management is likely to involve some more than others. Can those winner and losers be identified and their responses anticipated? Can the involved social tradeoffs be mapped, just as ecological tradeoffs between competing environmental services, to support ecosystem conservation and poverty alleviation? Recognition of ecological and social tradeoffs is a crucial precondition for just ecosystem management, i.e. ecosystem management that distributes ecosystem services fairly and includes all stakeholders in decision making. The proposed research serves the overarching goal to promote just ecosystem management as a new and innovative concept. The project will contribute to the overarching goal by developing a novel conceptual framework to guide research and practice. Its specific objectives are to (1) incorporate attention to multiple stakeholders and socio-ecological tradeoffs into the ecosystem services approach, (2) analyse the justice dimensions of critical changes in ecosystem services in the management of water, health, forests, biodiversity and coastal ecosystems, and (3) illustrate key justice dimensions in the management of selected coastal and terrestrial ecosystems in China, India and Central Africa. The project is intended to influence future research conducted in multiple academic fields on the feedbacks between ecosystem services and human wellbeing. The conceptual framework will show researchers how to approach long-established topics in their respective fields from new, interdisciplinary perspectives and point out concrete opportunities for linking up with research conducted in other fields. Conservation biologists will recognise new ways to integrate social tradeoffs into their analyses by looking at the distribution of ecosystem services among stakeholders, and by attending to the participation of different stakeholders in decisions over ecosystems. Political economists will benefit from the system-based understanding of 'nature' and the attention to ecological tradeoffs. Ecological economists will gain important insights for the development of new valuation methods which respond to underlying social inequalities and capture ecological tradeoffs. In this way, the research will make a critical contribution to the development of new interdisciplinary understanding of the relationship between ecosystems and human wellbeing that acknowledges the significance of ecological, social and socio-ecological tradeoffs equally. Just ecosystem management will directly benefit poor and socially excluded people dependent upon ecosystem services living in developing countries. Equitable distribution will strengthen the contributions of ecosystem services to poverty alleviation, with particular benefits accruing to people dependent on these services. Inclusive decision making in ecosystem management will allow participation by stakeholders typically excluded due to differences in wealth, race, gender, etc. Just ecosystem management will facilitate stakeholders to recognise, deliberate and respond to ecological, social and socio-ecological tradeoffs together. The project will promote just ecosystem management by engaging UK and international policy-making organisations, policy-making organisations in China, India and Central Africa and organisations implementing conservation and development projects in the three sites of Yunnan, Orissa and the Albertine Rift.

生态系统服务方法强调了自然维持和丰富人们生活的多种方式。对生态系统服务进行估值有助于生态系统保护和人类福祉。然而，为了使这些努力能够减轻贫困，科学家们必须参照环境正义来处理生态系统服务与福祉之间的关系。生态系统服务往往使某些利益攸关方比其他利益攸关方受益更多。生态系统管理中的决策可能涉及一些人，而不是其他人。这些赢家和输家能否被识别出来，他们的反应能否被预测出来？是否可以对所涉及的社会权衡进行绘图，就像对相互竞争的环境服务进行生态权衡一样，以支持生态系统保护和减贫？认识到生态和社会权衡是公正的生态系统管理的一个重要前提，即公平分配生态系统服务并让所有利益攸关方参与决策的生态系统管理。拟议的研究服务于总体目标，以促进公正的生态系统管理作为一个新的和创新的概念。该项目将通过制定一个新的概念框架来指导研究和实践，从而为总体目标做出贡献。其具体目标是：（1）将对多个利益攸关方和社会生态权衡的关注纳入生态系统服务方法;（2）分析水、健康、森林、生物多样性和沿海生态系统管理中生态系统服务重大变化的公正层面;（3）说明中国选定的沿海和陆地生态系统管理中的关键公正层面，印度和中非。该项目旨在影响未来在多个学术领域就生态系统服务与人类福祉之间的反馈进行的研究。概念框架将向研究人员展示如何从新的跨学科视角处理各自领域的长期主题，并指出与其他领域研究联系的具体机会。保护生物学家将认识到新的方法，通过关注利益相关者之间的生态系统服务分配，并通过参加不同利益相关者参与生态系统决策，将社会权衡纳入他们的分析。政治经济学家将受益于对“自然”的基于系统的理解和对生态权衡的关注。生态经济学家将获得重要的见解，以发展新的估值方法，以应对潜在的社会不平等和捕获生态权衡。通过这种方式，该研究将为发展对生态系统与人类福祉之间关系的新的跨学科理解做出重要贡献，该理解承认生态，社会和社会生态权衡的重要性。公正的生态系统管理将直接惠及发展中国家依赖生态系统服务的穷人和受社会排斥的人。公平分配将加强生态系统服务对减贫的贡献，特别是对依赖这些服务的人的惠益。生态系统管理中的包容性决策将允许通常因财富，种族，性别等差异而被排除在外的利益相关者参与，公正的生态系统管理将促进利益相关者共同认识，审议和应对生态，社会和社会生态权衡。该项目将通过与英国和国际决策组织，中国，印度和中非的决策组织以及在云南，奥里萨邦和艾伯丁裂谷三个地点实施保护和发展项目的组织合作，促进公正的生态系统管理。