South Asian Precipitation: A Seamless Assessment: SAPRISE

印度夏季季风为南亚约10亿人提供了约80%的年降雨量。其时间、强度和持续时间的变化对社会产生了巨大影响。南亚地区的天气和气候通过所谓的遥相关（遥相关）受到印度洋和偏远海洋盆地天气和气候的影响。厄尔尼诺现象是一种每2-8年在热带太平洋发生一次的巨大海洋天气系统。微小的气溶胶颗粒也是南亚大气的关键组成部分，这是由于印度-恒河平原上普遍存在的烹饪火灾以及从当地和偏远沙漠吹来的灰尘。预测南亚季风的季节性、十年期和长期变化仍然是一个相当大的挑战。这项提议汇集了英国和印度的科学家，以了解在不同时间尺度上影响南亚季风的因素。关键工具是模拟不同遥相关和气溶胶之间相互作用的新气候模型以及新的观测结果，特别是来自卫星的观测结果。该项目的最终目标是提高预测能力，从而有可能改善受季风降雨影响的人们的生活。

The Indian summer monsoon provides about 80% of annual rainfall to around a billion people in South Asia. Variations in its timing, intensity and duration have a dramatic impact on society. The weather and climate in the South Asian region is influenced by the weather and climate in the Indian and remote ocean basins via what are known as teleconnections (remote connections). Teleconnections emerge from phenomena such as El Nino - a kind of gigantic ocean weather system that occurs every 2-8 years in the tropical Pacific. Tiny aerosol particles are also key component of the South Asian atmosphere due to the prevalence of cooking fires over the Indo-Gangetic Plain and dust blown from local and remote deserts. It remains a considerable challenge to predict seasonal, decadal and longer-term changes in the South Asian monsoon. This proposal brings together UK and Indian scientists to make progress in understanding what affects the South Asian monsoon on different time scales. Key tools are new climate models that simulate the interactions between the different teleconnections and aerosols and new observations, especially those from satellites. The ultimate goal of the project is to improve predictive capability and to therefore potentially improve the lives of those people affected by monsoon rains.