Helping Families Reduce HIV in African American Youth

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本研究响应了 需要开发和测试有理论基础的干预措施，以预防艾滋病毒 性传播疾病和其他性传播疾病的发病率， 避孕套的使用和推迟性行为的开始，以及 减少其他与艾滋病毒/性病有关的危险行为。不成比例和 越来越多的非洲裔美国人感染艾滋病毒引起了人们的关注， 艾滋病预防专家如何应对这一人群。非洲 来自低收入家庭、父母受教育程度较低的美国青少年 特别容易暴露独特的文化，社会， 心理和发展差异影响他们的高风险 行为对设计干预措施以减少传播提出了挑战 艾滋病和其他性传播疾病在非裔美国青年中的传播。基础上 研究人员过去和正在进行的研究，这项研究提出测试一个 旨在预防或减少艾滋病/性病危险行为的家庭干预 在城市非洲裔美国人早期青少年（11-13岁）中， 父母受教育程度较低的家庭。干预的目的是 具有文化敏感性，并提供给小规模的父母群体， 鼓励为减少风险提供规范性支持。该研究将采用 随机2 × 2析因设计，重复测量。这些因素包括 治疗类型（信息加减少艾滋病风险的技能战略相结合） 与个人授权（自我作为有能力和胜任的感知）， 沟通和家庭管理技能与艾滋病信息和健康 促销（即，保健、营养、锻炼、自尊）干预）和 小组领导类型（家长领导vs.专业领导）。除了评估 风险降低行为的结果，变量假设调解 并评估干预的效果。将在预测试时进行评估 干预前、干预后2周（后测试）以及6周和12周时 月随访，以评估治疗效果的维持。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): This study responds to the need to develop and test theoretically grounded interventions to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases among children and youth by increasing condom use and by delaying initiation of sexual behavior, as well as by decreasing other HIV/STD risk-related behaviors. The disproportionate and increasing number of African Americans infected with HIV raises concerns among AIDS prevention specialists over how to respond to this population. African American youth and teens from lower income families with less educated parents are particularly at high risk for exposure. Distinctive cultural, social, psychological, and developmental differences influencing their high risk behaviors present a challenge for designing interventions to reduce the spread of AIDS and other STDs among African American youth. Building on the investigators' past and ongoing research, this study proposes to test a family-based intervention designed to prevent or reduce AIDS/STD risk behaviors among urban African American early adolescents (ages 11-13) from lower income families with less well educated parents. The intervention is designed to be culturally sensitive and delivered to small groups of parents in order to encourage normative support for risk reduction. The study will employ a randomized 2 X 2 factorial design with repeated measures. The factors include treatment type (information plus AIDS risk reduction skills strategies combined with personal empowerment (perceptions of self as capable and competent), communication and family management skills vs. an AIDS information and health promotion (i.e., health, nutrition, exercise, self-esteem) intervention) and group-leader type (parent led vs. professional led). In addition to assessing risk reduction behavior outcomes, variables hypothesized to mediate the intervention's effects will also be assessed. Assessments will occur at pretest prior to intervention, 2 weeks post intervention (post-test), and at 6- and 12- month follow-ups to assess maintenance of treatment affects.