Helping Families Reduce HIV in African American Youth

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：这项研究回应了 需要开发和测试理论上有基础的干预措施来预防艾滋病毒 和其他儿童和青少年的性传播疾病，通过增加 使用避孕套，推迟性行为的开始，以及通过 减少其他艾滋病毒/性传播疾病风险相关行为。不成比例的和 越来越多的非裔美国人感染艾滋病毒引发了人们的担忧 艾滋病预防专家就如何应对这一人群提出了建议。非洲 美国青年和来自父母受教育程度较低的低收入家庭的青少年 暴露的风险特别高。独特的文化，社会， 影响其高风险的心理和发育差异 行为对设计干预措施以减少传播提出了挑战 在非裔美国青年中传播艾滋病和其他性传播疾病。建立在 研究人员的过去和正在进行的研究，这项研究建议测试一个 旨在预防或减少艾滋病/性传播疾病危险行为的家庭干预 在城市低收入非裔美国人早期青少年(11-13岁)中 父母受教育程度较低的家庭。干预的目的是为了 对文化敏感，并提供给一小群父母，以便 鼓励规范支持降低风险。这项研究将采用一种 随机2×2析因设计，重复测量。这些因素包括 治疗类型(信息加上减少艾滋病风险的技能战略相结合 有了个人赋权(认为自己有能力和能力)， 沟通和家庭管理技能与艾滋病信息和健康 促进(即健康、营养、锻炼、自尊)干预)和 组长类型(家长领导与职业领导)。除了评估 风险降低行为结果，假设变量调节 干预的效果也将得到评估。评估将在预试时进行 干预前、干预后2周、干预后6周和12周 随访1个月，评估维持治疗效果。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): This study responds to the need to develop and test theoretically grounded interventions to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases among children and youth by increasing condom use and by delaying initiation of sexual behavior, as well as by decreasing other HIV/STD risk-related behaviors. The disproportionate and increasing number of African Americans infected with HIV raises concerns among AIDS prevention specialists over how to respond to this population. African American youth and teens from lower income families with less educated parents are particularly at high risk for exposure. Distinctive cultural, social, psychological, and developmental differences influencing their high risk behaviors present a challenge for designing interventions to reduce the spread of AIDS and other STDs among African American youth. Building on the investigators' past and ongoing research, this study proposes to test a family-based intervention designed to prevent or reduce AIDS/STD risk behaviors among urban African American early adolescents (ages 11-13) from lower income families with less well educated parents. The intervention is designed to be culturally sensitive and delivered to small groups of parents in order to encourage normative support for risk reduction. The study will employ a randomized 2 X 2 factorial design with repeated measures. The factors include treatment type (information plus AIDS risk reduction skills strategies combined with personal empowerment (perceptions of self as capable and competent), communication and family management skills vs. an AIDS information and health promotion (i.e., health, nutrition, exercise, self-esteem) intervention) and group-leader type (parent led vs. professional led). In addition to assessing risk reduction behavior outcomes, variables hypothesized to mediate the intervention's effects will also be assessed. Assessments will occur at pretest prior to intervention, 2 weeks post intervention (post-test), and at 6- and 12- month follow-ups to assess maintenance of treatment affects.