TWO-PROCESS RECOGNITION MEMORY: INHIBITION & ROC CURVES

双进程识别存储器：抑制

• 批准号: 6128815
• 负责人: Caren M. Rotello
• 金额: $ 11.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2001-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6128815
• 关键词: clinical research; human subject; language; learning; memory; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; perception; stimulus /response; vocabulary

Prior research suggests that at least two processes are involved in recognition judgments: A fast similarity-based process and a slower recall-like process. However, very little research has explored the specific operation of the recall process. Many researchers have proposed that the recall process operates in a recall-to-reject fashion. In a recall-to-reject process, a test foil that is similar to a studied stimulus is rejected (i.e., called "new") because the studied stimulus is recalled and the mismatch with the similar foil is noticed. For a variety of associative recognition tasks, such as recognizing whether two words were studied together or whether a test word was studied on a particular stimulus list, there is evidence for the use of such a recall-to-reject process. However, item recognition tasks have found no support for the use of recall-to-reject processing. Instead, the data from item recognition tasks are consistent with a recall-to-accept process in which a memory trace that matches the test probe must be retrieved in order for a positive ("old") response to be generated. The proposed research will provide more direct evidence on the operation of the recall-based process in item and associative recognition. New research will: 1) seek converging and unique evidence on the nature of the recall process using receiver- operating characteristic (ROC) curves, 2) estimate the contribution of the underlying processing using conjoint recognition theory, and 3) demonstrate a consequence of the recall process, namely, the inhibition of studied items that are similar to a studied test item. Two pilot studies provide evidence for this inhibitory phenomenon in a recognition task, and the proposed inhibition experiments will a) evaluate the development of that inhibition over processing time; b) determine the extent of the inhibition as a function of the similarity and number of studied items; and c) explore the relationship between the presence or absence of inhibition and the specific operation of the recall process (i.e., recall-to-reject or recall-to- accept).

先前的研究表明，识别判断至少涉及两个过程：一个快速的基于相似性的过程和一个较慢的回忆样过程。 然而，很少有研究探讨回忆过程的具体操作。 许多研究者提出，回忆过程是以一种从回忆到拒绝的方式进行的。 在从召回到拒绝的过程中，与所研究的刺激类似的测试箔被拒绝（即，称为“新的”），因为所研究的刺激被召回并且与类似的箔的不匹配被注意到。 对于各种联想识别任务，例如识别两个单词是否一起学习，或者测试单词是否在特定刺激列表中学习，有证据表明使用了这种回忆-拒绝过程。 然而，项目识别任务没有发现支持使用召回拒绝处理。相反，来自项目识别任务的数据与召回-接受过程一致，在该过程中，必须检索与测试探针匹配的记忆痕迹，以便生成肯定（“旧”）响应。本研究将为项目和联想识别中基于回忆的加工过程的运作提供更直接的证据。 新的研究将：1）使用受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线寻找关于回忆过程的性质的收敛和独特的证据，2）使用联合识别理论估计潜在处理的贡献，以及3）证明回忆过程的结果，即，与所研究的测试项目相似的所研究项目的抑制。 两项初步研究为再认任务中的这种抑制现象提供了证据，拟议的抑制实验将a）评估抑制随加工时间的发展; B）确定抑制的程度作为研究项目的相似性和数量的函数;以及c）探索抑制的存在或不存在与回忆过程的具体操作之间的关系（即，召回-拒绝或召回-接受）。