Two-process recognition memory: Evidence from ROC curve

两进程识别记忆：来自 ROC 曲线的证据

• 批准号: 6575911
• 负责人: Caren M. Rotello
• 金额: $ 19.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6575911
• 关键词: clinical research; human subject; judgment; learning; memory; neuropsychology; perception; psychological tests

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One-process models of recognition memory assume that judgments are based on the familiarity of the test probe; two-process models assume that the familiarity-based process is sometimes supplemented by the output of a recollective process. A variety of methods, including evaluation of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, have been used to provide evidence for the two-process view (e.g., Rotello, Macmillan, and Van Tassel, 2000). Other researchers have chosen a potentially more direct route to the two processes that underlie recognition, using subjective judgments of "remembering" and "knowing" to measure recollection and familiarity (Tulving, 1985). Yonelinas (2001) has argued that these "R-K" judgments produce the same estimates of the processes as are obtained from ROC data. We propose a new two-dimensional SDT model of R-K judgments (Rotello, Macmillan, and Reeder, resubmitted). In our model, Old items differ from New ones in both global and specific memory strength. Global strength can be thought of as traditional "familiarity," and specific strength as either continuous recollective process or familiarity of an item based on specific details. Old-new judgments are based on a weighted sum of these dimensions, and R-K decisions are based on a weighted difference. Our model accurately describes existing recognition and Remember-Know data, and makes novel predictions about several new kinds of ROCs (i.e., ROCs based on "remember" or "know" responses only). These ROC curves distinguish our model from existing one- and two-process models that have been applied to R-K data. Importantly, the two-dimensional model assumes that Remember and Know judgments are not "process-pure"; they do not measure recollection or familiarity directly. We will explore our model using a two-pronged approach, involving both (1) empirical evaluation of the two-dimensional model and (2) theoretical generalization of the model to other experimental situations. Proposed empirical work involves the production of various kinds of ROC curves, along with the comparison of the shape and extent of those curves to theoretically-generated curves. Theoretical work will generalize the two-dimensional model of R-K judgments to account for other findings in recognition, such as linear ROC functions and the time-course of recognition.

描述（由申请人提供）：识别记忆的单过程模型假设判断是基于对测试探针的熟悉度;双过程模型假设基于熟悉度的过程有时由回忆过程的输出补充。各种方法，包括受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线的评估，已被用来为两个过程的观点提供证据（例如，Rotello，Macmillan，and货车Tassel，2000）.其他研究人员选择了一种可能更直接的途径来研究识别的两个过程，使用“记住”和“知道”的主观判断来衡量回忆和熟悉度（Tulving，1985）。Yonelinas（2001）认为，这些“R-K”判断产生的过程估计与从ROC数据中获得的估计相同。我们提出了一个新的二维SDT模型的R-K判断（Rotello，麦克米伦，和里德，重新提交）。在我们的模型中，旧项目和新项目在整体记忆强度和特定记忆强度上都存在差异。整体强度可以被认为是传统的“熟悉度”，而具体强度可以被认为是连续的回忆过程或基于具体细节的项目熟悉度。新旧判断基于这些维度的加权和，R-K决策基于加权差。我们的模型准确地描述了现有的识别和记住-知道数据，并对几种新的ROC（即，ROCs仅基于“记住”或“知道”响应）。这些ROC曲线将我们的模型与已应用于R-K数据的现有单过程和双过程模型区分开来。重要的是，二维模型假设记住和知道判断不是“纯粹的过程”;它们不直接测量回忆或熟悉度。我们将使用双管齐下的方法来探索我们的模型，包括（1）二维模型的经验评估和（2）模型的理论推广到其他实验情况。建议的实证工作涉及各种ROC曲线的生产，沿着比较这些曲线的形状和程度的理论上产生的曲线。理论工作将推广的二维模型的R-K判断，以考虑其他发现，如线性ROC函数和识别的时间过程。