CONTROLLING ALLERGENS AND COSTS IN THE ANIMAL FACILITY

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：总体目标 这些研究是为了建立具有成本效益的环境条件， 支持高标准的动物健康，并提供舒适，安全 职场 该应用程序将测试动物健康的影响， 畜牧业程序是员工暴露于 过敏原 如果这些变化对动物健康没有负面影响， 建立它们应该可以将过敏原水平降低10倍以上， 从而使工人更健康，并降低动物护理成本。 通过外推 TJL为所有NIH支持的小鼠护理节省的费用， NIH每年2200万美元。 第一个被测试的畜牧业实践 将动物关在通风的笼子里，笼子的压力低于 在更换笼子时，使用封闭的负通风桌子。 为了测量过敏原减少，房间和工人呼吸区过敏原 将在变更之前和之后测量浓度。 关切 具有负压的笼子可能会增加病原体在 动物将在实验动物室进行测试， 将与其他殖民地隔离 卡氏肺孢子虫由 感染小鼠转化为无病原体的免疫活性小鼠和免疫受损小鼠 将通过几种方法进行监测。 第二次畜牧业变革 将笼舍更换频率从每7天一次减少到 每14天一次 将测量并比较过敏原浓度 两人的日程都在变动 笼环境（氨，温度， 湿度）将比较每种条件下的动物健康状况， 通过生殖性能、生长、免疫系统功能以及 尸检集中在上呼吸系统和下呼吸系统的组织学上 年轻的老鼠。 这些研究将填补科学领域的一些空白。 关于肺孢子虫自然传播史的知识 以及氨在典型动物设施中的有害影响 在氨水平仅在短时间内达到峰值的地方， 一窝断奶。 使用自然感染卡氏肺孢子虫的小鼠， 嗜肺巴氏杆菌和螺杆菌。 将使所有 负压系统中的三种生物。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The overall goal of these studies is to establish cost-effective environmental conditions that support high standards of animal health and provide a comfortable, safe workplace. This application will test the animal health effects of changing animal husbandry procedures that are major sources of employee exposure to allergen. If these changes have no negative impact on animal health, instituting them should reduce allergen levels by more than 10-fold, and result in healthier workers and reduced animal care costs. By extrapolating the savings at TJL to all NIH-supported mouse care, the potential savings to NIH is $22 million a year. The first animal husbandry practice to be tested is housing animals in ventilated caging with cage pressure negative to the room and using enclosed negatively ventilated tables when changing cages. To measure allergen reduction, room and worker breathing zone allergen concentrations will be measured before and after the changes. Concern that cages with negative pressure might increase the transfer of pathogens among animals will be tested in an experimental animal room where infected mice will be isolated from other colonies. Transfer of Pneumocystis carinii from infected mice to pathogen-free immune-competent and immune-compromised mice will be monitored by several methods. The second animal husbandry change will be to reduce the frequency of cage changing from once every 7 days to once every 14 days. Allergen concentrations will be measured and compared for both changing schedules. The cage environment (ammonia, temperature, humidity) will be compared for each condition, and animal health will be assessed by reproductive performance, growth, immune system function, and by necropsy focused on the histology of the upper and lower respiratory systems of young mice. These studies will fill a number of gaps in scientific knowledge concerning the natural history of transmission of Pneumocystis among mice, and the harmful effects of ammonia in typical animal facilities where ammonia levels peak only for short times until bedding is changed or a litter is weaned. The use of mice naturally infected with P. carinii, Pasteurella pneumotropica and Helicobacter spp. will enable use of all three organisms in the negative pressure system.