PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE PRIMATE GONAD

拟在匹兹堡大学医学院建立的生殖专业合作中心的使命是通过整合分子、细胞和系统方法，研究灵长类动物性腺功能的生理机制，并调查人类不育症特定状态的病理生理基础，其中对非人类灵长类动物的平行和互动研究可能特别有益。这一使命反映了该中心长期以来的优势，即利用非人类灵长类动物模型来更好地了解人类生殖生理学。该中心将由3个技术服务核心（灵长类动物、分析和细胞成像）组成，以开放获取的形式为U 54项目和由R 01（7）或R29（1）赠款的其他项目提供支持。U 54项目的重点是控制灵长类动物的性腺功能。从概念上讲，它们紧密联系在一起的主题是FSH在卵巢和睾丸功能的调节中起着重要作用，对这种促性腺激素的控制和作用机制的研究将为男性和女性不孕症的治疗提供见解。此外，预计一个项目的进展将影响到其他项目，项目一和项目二就是一个例子。第一部分将研究高胰岛素血症和高雄激素血症在多囊卵巢综合征妇女中产生促性腺激素分泌异常模式（LH：FSH比值增加与LH脉冲频率升高相关）和无排卵中的作用。这项临床奋进与一个采用非人灵长类动物模型的项目相结合，以检查胰岛素和雄激素对正常排卵猴垂体/卵巢轴的作用。其余的U 54项目也采用了非人类灵长类动物模型。它检查控制机制，精子生产是由FSH抑制B反馈回路。

The mission of the proposed Specialized Cooperative Center in Reproduction at the University of Pittsburgh Medical School is to study, by integrating molecular, cellular and system approaches, the physiological mechanisms that govern gonadal function in primates, and to investigate the pathophysiological bases of specific states of human infertility where parallel and interactive studies of non-human primates are likely to be particularly rewarding. This mission reflects the long- standing forte of this Center to employ non-human primate models to better understand the physiology of reproduction in man. The Center will be comprised of 3 Technical Service Cores (Primate, Assay and Cell Imaging) with an open access format to subserve U54 Projects and additional programs supported by either R01 (7) or R29(1) grants. The U54 Projects focus on the control of gonadal function in primates. Conceptually, they are tightly linked by the theme that FSH plays a fundamental role in the regulation of both ovarian and testicular function, and that the study of the control, and mechanism of action, of this gonadotropin will provide insight into treatment of infertility in men and women. Moreover, it is anticipated that advance sin one project will impact upon the others, and this is exemplified by projects I and II. The first of which will examine the roles of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia in producing aberrant patterns of gonadotropin secretion (increased LH:FSH ratios in association with elevated LH pulse frequency) and anovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. This clinical endeavor is placed in tandem is placed in tandem with a project employing a non-human primate model to examine the action of insulin and androgen on the pituitary/ovarian axis in normal ovulatory monkeys. The remaining U54 projects also employs non-human primate model. It examines the control mechanism whereby sperm production is governed by the FSH-inhibition B feedback loop.