PREFERENCE PARAMETERS--ALTRUISM, RISK, AND LABOR SUPPLY

这项计划的目的是(1)发展新的调查方法 偏好；(2)更好地了解利他主义及其 人际转移、财富积累、投资组合的影响 选择，以及行为的其他方面；(3)更好地了解 退休和劳动力供应；(4)更好地了解风险 偏好及其对投资组合选择的影响；(5)发展 扩大可测量量域的方法 通过调查；(6)实施这些措施、谅解和 分析福利和行为后果的方法论 社会保障和其他社会保险计划的改革 老年人。 经济分析的基本原理是偏好、约束和 信息结构。该项目的重点是测量 偏好。在经济理论确定的偏好参数中， 其中最核心的是那些控制人际偏好的人 (利他主义)劳动力供给偏好、风险偏好和跨期 偏好。持续研究计划的目标包括 该项目是使偏好参数，如这些可操作 可观测量。利他主义是家庭功能发挥的核心 以及其他社交网络，而这些反过来又是 经济和社会上的许多其他方面。总体来说，劳动力供应偏好， 和特别是与退休有关的偏好，大量 确定个人的生活史，并确定 整个经济的运转。风险偏好、时间偏好、 和跨期替代也具有相当重要的意义。 这项拟议的研究旨在澄清 家族利他主义和家族外利他主义的横截面分布 替代的人际弹性，劳动力的财富弹性， 劳动力供给的暂定工资弹性，以及固定工资 劳动力供给弹性。另外两个目标是澄清 利他主义与行为的关系及澄清利他主义与行为 退休过渡的每个劳动力供应参数。

The aims of this project are (1) to develop new survey measures of preferences; (2) to gain a better understanding of altruism and its implications of interpersonal transfers, wealth accumulation, portfolio choice, and other aspects of behavior; (3) to gain a better understanding of retirement and labor supply; (4) to gain a better understanding of risk preference and its implications for portfolio choice; (5) to develop methodologies for expanding the domain of quantities that can be measured by surveys; and (6) to apply these measures, understandings and methodologies to analyzing the welfare and behavioral consequences of reforms to Social Security and other social insurance programs for the elderly. The fundamentals of economic analysis are preferences, constraints, and information structures. This project focuses on the measurement of preferences. Of the preference parameters identified by economic theory, among the most central are those controlling interpersonal preference (altruism) labor supply preference, at risk preference, and intertemporal preference. The objective of the continuing research program encompassing this project is to make preference parameters such as these operationally observable quantities. Altruism is central to the functional of families and other social networks, which in turn are central to the functioning of the economy and much else in society. Labor supply preferences in general, and preferences relating to retirement in particular, bulk large in determining the life histories of individuals and in determining the functioning of the economy as a whole. Risk preference, time preference, and intertemporal substitution are also of considerable importance. The proposed research aims at clarifying the magnitudes and cross- sectional distributions of familial and extra-familial altruism, the interpersonal elasticity of substitution, the wealth elasticity of labor, the temporary wage elasticity of labor supply, and the permanent wage elasticity of labor supply. Two other objectives are clarifying the relationship of altruism to behavior and clarifying the relationship of each labor supply parameter to the retirement transition.