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Assessing the role of eddies in exchanging nutrients across the European Shelf

评估涡流在欧洲大陆架营养物质交换中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
NE/J020141/1
负责人：
Claire Mahaffey
金额：
$ 19.27万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ020141%2F1
关键词：
Assessing role eddies exchanging nutrients

项目摘要

The ocean is full of time-varying, swirling circulations, called eddies. These eddies transfer heat, nutrients and carbon from one region to another, affecting the local store of each of these properties. This eddy exchange potentially becomes important across strong flows, such as boundary currents, jets and slope currents. However, while eddies are seen to occur throughout the ocean (such as remotely sensed observations), there have been very few systematic, repeated observations revealing how eddies transfer properties in the horizontal, particularly below the surface. Instead we have to rely on a combination of model and theoretical studies to understand the role of eddies in the ocean, often drawing parallels with how weather systems behave in the atmosphere.In this study, we wish to use the new glider technology to identify how eddies transfer nutrients in the horizontal. We wish to investigate this eddy transfer on the European Shelf at three different sites, drawing on the support of an existing programme, FASTNET, examining the physical exchange across the shelf break. Our aim is to include nutrient sensors in two gliders, one supported under FASTNET and the other supported via this call. Together with nutrient data from FASTNET cruises, we aim to use the glider data to estimate the eddy flux of nutrients in these three different sites between the open ocean and shelf seas. Our hypothesis is that the eddies provide a flux of inorganic nutrients from the open ocean to the shelf seas, across the shelf break, as well as a return flux of dissolved organic nutrients from the shelf seas to the open ocean.The eddy fluxes of nutrients onto the shelf are potentially important in sustaining biological productivity, there are particularly high rates of photosynthesis here, sustaining fishing activity and providing a biological drawdown of atmospheric carbon dioxide.In the longer term, the glider technology has the potential to provide the repeated observations needed to quantify eddies fluxes throughout the ocean. This step is necessary to really understand how heat, nutrients and carbon are transferred throughout the ocean, as well as the wider goal of how the ocean operates in the climate system.

海洋充满了随时间变化的旋转环流，称为涡流。这些涡流将热量、营养物质和碳从一个区域转移到另一个区域，影响这些特性的本地存储。这种涡流交换在边界流、喷射流和斜坡流等强流中可能变得很重要。然而，虽然在整个海洋中都存在涡流（例如遥感观测），但很少有系统的、重复的观测揭示涡流如何在水平方向（特别是在海面以下）传递特性。相反，我们必须依靠模型和理论研究的结合来了解涡流在海洋中的作用，通常将其与天气系统在大气中的行为进行比较。在这项研究中，我们希望使用新的滑翔机技术来确定涡流如何在水平方向上转移营养物质。我们希望利用现有计划 FASTNET 的支持，在三个不同地点调查欧洲大陆架上的涡流转移，检查跨大陆架断裂处的物理交换。我们的目标是在两台滑翔机中安装营养传感器，一台由 FASTNET 支持，另一台通过此调用支持。结合 FASTNET 巡航的营养物数据，我们的目标是使用滑翔机数据来估计公海和陆架海之间这三个不同地点的营养物涡流。我们的假设是，涡流提供了从公海到陆架海、穿过陆架断裂带的无机养分通量，以及从陆架海到公海的溶解有机养分的返回通量。陆架上营养物的涡流对于维持生物生产力具有潜在的重要作用，这里的光合作用速率特别高，维持了捕捞活动并提供了生物水位下降。从长远来看，滑翔机技术有潜力提供量化整个海洋涡流通量所需的重复观测。为了真正了解热量、营养物质和碳如何在整个海洋中转移，以及海洋如何在气候系统中运作的更广泛目标，这一步骤是必要的。