Tree communities, airborne remote sensing and ecosystem function: new connections through a traits framework applied to a tropical elevation gradient

树木群落、机载遥感和生态系统功能：通过应用于热带海拔梯度的特征框架建立新联系

• 批准号: NE/J023418/1
• 负责人: Yadvinder Malhi
• 金额: $ 93.8万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ023418%2F1
• 关键词: Tree; communities; airborne; remote; sensing

What is the relationship between the composition of an ecological community and its ecosystem function? How do changes in community composition affect carbon and nutrient cycling? How does a shift in ecosystem productivity (e.g. through fertilization) feed through to changes in diversity? These are perhaps the most important questions in ecology day, in the context of direct human pressure on ecosystems and indirect pressure through global atmospheric change. Here we propose to collect the data and develop and evaluate a framework to advance these ideas, in the context of tree community composition of tropical forests.We take advantage of three powerful tools that our team of investigators and project partners have developed: (i) an elevation transect of study sites in the Andes-Amazon where tree community composition and dynamics have been described in detail; (ii) airborne hyperspectral and lidar data that have recently been collected over this same transect, that enable determination of forest structure and chemistry in unprecedented detail, and (iii) a theoretical framework that utilises plant traits to propose a mechanistic approach to scale from community composition to ecosystem function. We will add to these datasets by: 1. Conducting an extensive leaf and wood traits collection campaign for seven sites along this transect, and2. Collecting data on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Then we will develop a 3D model of the forest canopy of each plot (based on forest tree census and lidar data) to:3. Explore the relationship between leaf traits and tree level characteristics (gross primary production, wood production, above-ground net primary production and nutrient cycling)4. Scale from individual trees to the whole plot ecosystem characteristics (productivity, wood production, nutrient cycling)Having developed this detailed framework for relating individual tree properties to plot-level function, we will try to simplify the system to see if ecosystem level properties can be derived from an understanding of the mean value and distribution of traits in a community. Finally, we will explore how well tree-level characteristics can be described by airborne hyperspectra and lidar, and thus explore whether it is possible to describe landscape level ecosystem functioning at the scale of thousands of hectares. We have assembled a team of leading UK and USA researchers, and have an opportunity to make major advances and novel contributions to these important questions. Ultimately, we seek to acquire a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between forest community assembly and ecosystem level processes. Achievement of this goal would represent a major advance in ecology, in developing a both a theoretical and empirical toolkit with which to reach this goal.

生态群落的组成与其生态系统功能之间是什么关系？群落组成的变化如何影响碳和养分循环？生态系统生产力的转变(例如通过施肥)如何影响到多样性的变化？在人类对生态系统的直接压力和全球大气变化带来的间接压力的背景下，这些可能是生态日最重要的问题。在这里，我们建议在热带森林树木群落组成的背景下，收集数据并开发和评估一个框架来推进这些想法。我们利用了我们的研究团队和项目合作伙伴开发的三个强大的工具：(I)安第斯-亚马逊研究地点的海拔样带，其中详细描述了树木群落组成和动态；(Ii)最近在同一样带上收集的航空高光谱和激光雷达数据，它能够以前所未有的详细程度确定森林结构和化学；以及(Iii)一个利用植物特性的理论框架，提出从群落组成到生态系统功能的机械方法。我们将通过以下方式增加这些数据集：1。在该样带沿线的7个地点进行广泛的叶和木材性状收集活动，以及2。收集有关氮磷循环的数据。然后，我们将开发每个地块的森林树冠的3D模型(基于林木普查和激光雷达数据)以：3.探索树叶特征与树木水平特征(总初级生产量、木材生产量、地上净初级生产量和养分循环)之间的关系4.从单株树木到整个样地生态系统特征(生产力、木材生产量、养分循环)的尺度建立了将个体树木属性与地块水平功能联系起来的详细框架，我们将尝试简化系统，看看是否可以从对群落中特征的平均值和分布的理解中得出生态系统水平的属性。最后，我们将探索如何很好地利用航空高光谱和激光雷达来描述树木水平的特征，从而探索是否有可能描述数千公顷尺度上的景观水平生态系统功能。我们已经组建了一支由英国和美国的领先研究人员组成的团队，并有机会在这些重要问题上取得重大进展和做出新的贡献。最终，我们寻求对森林群落组装和生态系统层面过程之间的关系的机械性理解。这一目标的实现将代表着生态学方面的重大进步，即开发一种既有理论又有经验的工具包来实现这一目标。

项目成果

Can Leaf Spectroscopy Predict Leaf and Forest Traits Along a Peruvian Tropical Forest Elevation Gradient?

• DOI: 10.1002/2017jg003883
• 发表时间: 2017-11
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: C. Doughty;P. Santos-Andrade;G. Goldsmith;B. Blonder;A. Shenkin;L. Bentley;C. Chavana-Bryant

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

• DOI: 10.1111/geb.13596
• 发表时间: 2022-10-24
• 期刊: GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Correa, Diego F.;Stevenson, Pablo R.;ter Steege, Hans
• 通讯作者: ter Steege, Hans

Erosion of organic carbon from the Andes and its effects on ecosystem carbon dioxide balance

• DOI: 10.1002/2016jg003615
• 发表时间: 2017-03-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Clark, K. E.;Hilton, R. G.;Malhi, Y.
• 通讯作者: Malhi, Y.

Structural and defensive roles of angiosperm leaf venation network reticulation across an Andes-Amazon elevation gradient

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12945
• 发表时间: 2018-07-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Blonder, Benjamin;Salinas, Norma;Malhi, Yadvinder
• 通讯作者: Malhi, Yadvinder