A cross-disciplinary soil-proteomics and modelling approach for predicting switches between hydrophilic and hydrophobic soil surface responses

一种跨学科的土壤蛋白质组学和建模方法，用于预测亲水性和疏水性土壤表面响应之间的切换

• 批准号: NE/K004212/1
• 负责人: Graham Matthews
• 金额: $ 26.39万
• 依托单位: Plymouth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK004212%2F1
• 关键词: cross; disciplinary; soil; proteomics; modelling

A strange property of many soils is that they do not readily wet on contact with rain, which has many implications for soil management. Although these soils may not be especially hydrophobic, wetting is slower than would be inferred from the sizes of their pores. This property is usually defined as sub-critical water repellency. Where water repellency is high (critical repellency), it causes ponding of water at soil surfaces. Water repellency affects the routes through which water and dissolved or suspended chemicals drain through the soil profile, leading to preferential surface run-off, infiltration paths resulting in serious erosion events, and flooding. Soil water repellency may be influenced by both natural and man-made events. It is known that cycles of heating and drying (amongst many other factors) may produce quite dramatic changes in this soil property. Soil water repellency results from interactions between microbial activity and physico-chemical structure, but their complexity is such that at present they are only understood on an empirical and anecdotal basis. The purpose of this project is to develop a theoretical basis to understand soil water repellency and to predict some of its consequences. The practical implications of such an understanding are profound and widespread, since they may guide land management practice and flood prevention. The three soils selected for study will be; (i) Malvern Hill clay loam, found in a previous study to exhibit extreme hydrophobicity under moderately moist summer conditions and also following air-drying in the laboratory, (ii) Gower silt loam, used in our NERC-funded proof-of-concept proteomics study and found to display up to medium levels of hydrophobicity, and (iii) Rothamsted Research Park Grass plot 3 silt loam, presently the subject of the large-scale soil metagenomic sequencing project 'Terragenome', and subcritically hydrophobic. Soil water content will be adjusted to (i) just above and (ii) just below the Critical Soil-water Content, i.e. the content at which there is a transition between hydrophobic and hydrophilic behaviour. Further perturbations will include further drying at different temperatures to water contents simulating soil conditions that may be experienced during extreme drought periods, which are likely to cause further increases in hydrophobicity.Information relating to water repellency will be obtained by the examination of soil properties at various scales of size (from nanometres to centimetres). We will establish the role of proteins in the development of water repellency using metaproteomics and specific hydrophobic protein isolation approaches. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), only recently applied to soil particles, will be used to examine their surface geography, hardness, stickiness and water repellency at this small scale. This technique combined with laser scanning microscopic techniques will be used to examine the water repellency of soil microbial proteins labelled with fluorescent dyes. Water repellency at two coarser scales will be examined using a water contact angle technique and penetration times using very small drops of water. These estimates of water repellency and soil particle properties will be incorporated into a detailed computer model of soil structure, which will be used to predict the consequences of water repellency at the decimeter scale in soil, and will be compared with laboratory measurements of the wettability of cores of a few centimeters in diameter. When the model is calibrated and validated, we will be able to use it, together with the experimental data, to predict how the perturbations change wettability. These effects will be incorporated into an existing climate model used by the Met Office, called JULES, so that predictions can be made about the likely effect of climate change. Then we will be able to suggest ways to manage UK and other soils to minimize run-off, erosion and flood risk.

许多土壤的一种奇怪的性质是，它们在与雨水接触时不容易湿润，这对土壤管理有许多意义。尽管这些土壤可能不是特别疏水，但润湿速度比从它们的孔隙大小推断出来的速度要慢。这种特性通常被定义为亚临界拒水性能。在拒水性很高的地方(临界拒水性)，它会导致土壤表面积水。水的排斥性影响水和溶解或悬浮化学品通过土壤剖面排出的路线，导致优先地表径流、渗透路径导致严重的侵蚀事件和洪水。土壤的排水性既受自然因素的影响，也受人为因素的影响。众所周知，加热和干燥的循环(除其他许多因素外)可能会对这种土壤性质产生相当大的变化。土壤拒水是微生物活动和物理化学结构相互作用的结果，但它们的复杂性使得目前对它们的理解仅限于经验和轶事。本项目的目的是建立一个理论基础，以了解土壤的排水性并预测其一些后果。这种认识的实际影响是深远和广泛的，因为它们可以指导土地管理实践和防洪。被选中进行研究的三种土壤将是：(I)马尔文山粘壤土，在先前的一项研究中发现在中等潮湿的夏季条件下以及在实验室风干后表现出极端疏水性，(Ii)高粉壤，用于我们由NERC资助的概念验证蛋白质组研究中，并被发现显示出中等程度的疏水性，(Iii)Rothamsted研究公园草场草地壤土，目前是大型土壤超基因组测序项目“TerraGenome”的主题，并且亚临界疏水性。土壤水分含量将调整为(I)略高于临界土壤水分含量，(Ii)略低于临界土壤水分含量，即在疏水性和亲水性之间发生转变的含量。进一步的扰动将包括在不同的温度下进一步干燥到模拟极端干旱期间可能经历的土壤条件的水分，这可能会导致疏水性进一步增加。有关拒水性的信息将通过检查不同尺度(从纳米到厘米)的土壤属性来获得。我们将利用代谢蛋白质组学和特定的疏水蛋白质分离方法来确定蛋白质在防水发展中的作用。原子力显微镜(AFM)是最近才应用于土壤颗粒的，它将被用来在这个小范围内检查它们的表面几何、硬度、粘性和拒水性。这项技术与激光扫描显微镜技术相结合，将被用于检测用荧光染料标记的土壤微生物蛋白的拒水性。将使用水接触角技术和使用非常小的水滴的渗透时间来检查两个较粗的标尺上的拒水性。这些对憎水性和土壤颗粒性质的估计将被纳入土壤结构的详细计算机模型中，该模型将用于预测土壤中分米尺度的憎水后果，并将与直径几厘米的岩心润湿性的实验室测量结果进行比较。当模型被校准和验证时，我们将能够结合实验数据使用它来预测扰动如何改变润湿性。这些影响将被纳入气象局使用的名为Jules的现有气候模型中，这样就可以预测气候变化的可能影响。然后，我们将能够提出管理英国和其他土壤的方法，以将径流、侵蚀和洪水风险降至最低。

项目成果

An integrated, cross-disciplinary study of soil hydrophobicity at atomic, molecular, core and landscape scales

在原子、分子、核心和景观尺度上对土壤疏水性进行综合、跨学科研究

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Matthews G.P.

Increased ambient air temperature alters the severity of soil water repellency

环境空气温度升高会改变土壤拒水性的严重程度

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Van Keulen G.

Improved Interpretation of Mercury Intrusion and Soil Water Retention Percolation Characteristics by Inverse Modelling and Void Cluster Analysis

• DOI: 10.1007/s11242-018-1087-1
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Transport in Porous Media
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: G. Peter Matthews;C. L. Levy;G. Laudone;Katie L. Jones;Cathy Ridgway;I. Hallin;S. Andrea Gazze;L. Francis;W. Richard Whalley;J. Schoelkopf;P. Gane

Complementary protein extraction methods increase the identification of the Park Grass Experiment metaproteome

补充蛋白质提取方法提高了 Park Grass Experiment 宏蛋白质组的鉴定

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104388
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Quinn G

Organic matter identifies the nano-mechanical properties of native soil aggregates.

• DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07070e
• 发表时间: 2018-01
• 期刊: Nanoscale
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: S. Andrea Gazze;I. Hallin;Gerry A. Quinn;Edward G. Dudley;G. Matthews;Paul Rees;G. V. Keulen;Stefan H. Doerr;Lewis Francis