Technical lead for Air Quality Modelling for NERC Defra ALE Policy Placement

NERC Defra ALE 政策安置空气质量建模技术主管

• 批准号: NE/K501359/1
• 负责人: Michelle Cain
• 金额: $ 5.01万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK501359%2F1
• 关键词: Technical; lead; Air; Quality; Modelling

I have been working on modelling the chemistry of the atmosphere six and a half years, in my current job and for my PhD. Having experience with Lagrangian and Eulerian models of differing complexity and resolution, I understand that there are many different types of modelling tools, which are each useful for tackling different problems. I currently use a global chemical transport model (pTOMCAT) to investigate the role of nighttime oxidation in the UK region and globally, as part of the NERC-funded project RONOCO (Role Of Nighttime chemistry in controlling the Oxidising Capacity of the atmosphere). This project has combined aircraft measurements from around the UK (focusing on pollution plumes from major cities) with various chemical models, with the aim of understanding the contribution of nighttime oxidation. During my PhD, I used the Lagrangian photochemical model CiTTyCAT to study the different processes influencing the secondary pollutant ozone, in particular during inter-continental transport. I am currently also using the Met Office’s dispersion model, NAME, to investigate Arctic methane emissions sources. This is part of the MAMM (Methane in the Arctic: Measurements and Modelling) project, in which I have a role in flight planning, running NAME, and as the knowledge exchange (KE) contact. I am working with the British Antarctic Survey, who are co-ordinating the KE for NERC’s Arctic Research Programme (of which MAMM is a part). I have a keen interest in politics, and firmly believe in evidence-based policy. It is clear that in the field of air quality and the environment, science has an important role to play in informing policy. I also appreciate that despite the limitations of our scientific understanding, policy decisions must be made based on the best evidence available. Therefore, understanding the context and communicating the salient points of any research is essential. This became clear to me when I worked at the Institute of Physics as a communications officer. My role required me to read scientific papers and write press releases highlighting the wider importance of physics research. I also wrote press releases about the policy position of the Institute of Physics, for example in relation to science education, or responses to government consultations. As one of four main mission scientists, during the RONOCO field campaign (July 2010 and January 2011)I was part of a team responsible for planning and running flights on the UK research aircraft, which was based at East Midlands Airport for the field work. This role required assessing weather and air quality forecast information, and deciding where to fly to best meet our scientific and logistical needs. We worked well as a team, with one scientist taking responsibility for the final planning and running of each flight. This involved keeping all the instrument scientists (approximately 15 people) informed about the status of the flights, liaising with the pilots to plan the flights, and making decisions during the flight itself. I feel that I responded well to the extreme time-pressure and intensive working period, and really enjoyed working with so many different people (scientists, pilots, engineers, flight managers, Met Office weather forecasters) and juggling the different priorities.

六年半以来，我一直在研究大气化学的模型，包括我现在的工作和我的博士学位。有过不同复杂性和分辨率的拉格朗日模型和欧拉模型的经验，我知道有许多不同类型的建模工具，它们对解决不同的问题都很有用。我目前使用全球化学运输模型（pTOMCAT）来调查夜间氧化在英国地区和全球的作用，作为nerc资助的项目RONOCO的一部分（夜间化学在控制大气氧化能力中的作用）。该项目将英国各地的飞机测量数据（重点是来自主要城市的污染羽流）与各种化学模型结合起来，目的是了解夜间氧化的作用。在博士期间，我使用拉格朗日光化学模型CiTTyCAT研究了影响二次污染物臭氧的不同过程，特别是洲际运输过程。我目前也在使用英国气象局的分散模型NAME来调查北极的甲烷排放源。这是MAMM（北极甲烷：测量和建模）项目的一部分，我在该项目中负责飞行计划、运行NAME以及作为知识交流（KE）联系人。我正在与英国南极调查局合作，他们正在为NERC的北极研究计划（MAMM是其中的一部分）协调KE。我对政治有着浓厚的兴趣，并坚信循证政策。很明显，在空气质量和环境领域，科学在为政策提供信息方面可以发挥重要作用。我还认识到，尽管我们的科学理解有限，但必须根据现有的最佳证据做出政策决定。因此，理解上下文并传达任何研究的要点是必不可少的。当我在物理研究所担任通讯官员时，我明白了这一点。我的工作要求我阅读科学论文，撰写强调物理学研究更广泛重要性的新闻稿。我也写过关于物理研究所的政策立场的新闻稿，比如关于科学教育的，或者对政府咨询的回应。作为四位主要任务科学家之一，在RONOCO实地活动期间（2010年7月和2011年1月），我是负责计划和运行英国研究飞机飞行的团队的一员，该飞机位于东米德兰兹机场进行实地工作。这个角色需要评估天气和空气质量预报信息，并决定飞往哪里，以最好地满足我们的科学和后勤需求。我们作为一个团队工作得很好，一个科学家负责每次飞行的最终计划和运行。这包括让所有仪器科学家（大约15人）了解飞行状态，与飞行员联络制定飞行计划，并在飞行过程中做出决定。我觉得我能很好地应对极端的时间压力和高强度的工作时间，而且真的很喜欢和这么多不同的人（科学家、飞行员、工程师、飞行经理、英国气象局天气预报员）一起工作，同时兼顾不同的优先事项。

项目成果

Evaluation of the performance of different atmospheric chemical transport models and inter-comparison of nitrogen and sulphur deposition estimates for the UK

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.008
• 发表时间: 2015-10
• 期刊: Atmospheric Environment
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: A. Dore;D. Carslaw;C. Braban;M. Cain;C. Chemel;C. Conolly;R. Derwent;S. Griffiths;Jane R. Hall;G. Hayman;S. Lawrence;S. Metcalfe;A. Redington;D. Simpson;M. Sutton;P. Sutton;Y. S. Tang;M. Vieno;M. Werner;J. D. Whyatt