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TRansfer - Exposure - Effects (TREE): integrating the science needed to underpin radioactivity assessments for humans and wildlife

转移 - 暴露 - 影响 (TREE)：整合支持人类和野生动物放射性评估所需的科学

基本信息

批准号：
NE/L000342/1
负责人：
Neil Willey
金额：
$ 38.85万
依托单位：
University of the West of England
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL000342%2F1
关键词：
TRansfer Exposure Effects TREE integrating

项目摘要

For all sources of radioactivity, radiological risk assessments are essential for safeguarding human and environmental health. But assessments often have to rely upon simplistic assumptions, such as the use of simple ratios in risk calculations which combine many processes. This pragmatic approach has largely arisen due to the lack of scientific knowledge and/or data in key areas. The resultant uncertainty has been taken into account through conservative approaches to radiological risk assessment which may tend to overestimate risk. Uncertainty arises at all stages of the assessment process from the estimation of transfer to human foodstuffs and wildlife, exposure and risk. Reducing uncertainty is important as it relates directly to scientific credibility, which will always be open to challenge given the highly sensitive nature of radiological risk assessment in society. We propose an integrated, multi-disciplinary, programme to assess and reduce the uncertainty associated with radiological risk assessment to protect human health and the environment. At the same time we will contribute to building the capacity needed to ensure that the UK rebuilds and maintains expertise in environmental radioactivity into the future.Our project has four major and highly inter-related components to address the key goal of RATE to rebuild UK capacity and make a major contribution to enhancing environmental protection and safeguarding human health. The first component will study how the biological availability of radionuclides varies in soils over time. We will investigate if short-term measurements (collected in three year controlled experiments) can be used to predict the long-term availability of radionuclides in soils by testing our models in the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The second component will apply the concepts of 'phylogeny' and 'ionomics' to characterise radionuclide uptake by plants and other organisms. These approaches, and statistical modelling methods, are increasingly applied to describe uptake of a range of elements in plant nutrition, and we are pioneering their use for studying radionuclide uptake in other organisms and human foods. A particularly exciting aspect of the approach is the possibility to make predictions for any plant or animal. This is of great value as it is impossible to measure uptake for all wildlife, crops and farm animals. The third component of the work will extend our efforts to improve the quantification of radiation exposure and understanding of resultant biological effects by investigating the underlying mechanisms involved. A key aim is to see whether what we know from experiments on animals and plants in the laboratory is a good representation of what happens in the real world: some scientists believe that animals in the natural environment are more susceptible to radiation than laboratory animals: we need to test this to have confidence in our risk assessments. Together these studies will enable us to reduce and better quantify the uncertainties associated with radiological risk assessment. By training a cohort of PDRA and PhDs our fourth component will help to renew UK capacity in environmental radioactivity by providing trained, experienced researchers who are well networked within the UK and internationally through the contacts of the investigators. Our students will be trained in a wide range of essential skills through their controlled laboratory studies and working in contaminated environments. They will benefit from being a member of a multidisciplinary team and opportunities to take placements with our beneficiaries and extensive range of project partners.The outputs of the project will benefit governmental and non-governmental organisations with responsibility for assessing the risks to humans and wildlife posed by environmental radioactivity. It will also make a major contribution to improved scientific and public confidence in the outcomes of environmental safety assessments.

对于所有放射源，放射性风险评估对于保障人类和环境健康至关重要。但评估往往不得不依赖于过于简单的假设，例如在风险计算中使用简单的比率，这种比率结合了联合收割机的许多过程。这种务实的做法主要是由于缺乏关键领域的科学知识和/或数据。由此产生的不确定性已被考虑通过保守的方法，可能倾向于高估风险的放射性风险评估。在评估过程的所有阶段，从估计向人类食物和野生动物的转移、接触和风险，都会产生不确定性。减少不确定性很重要，因为它直接关系到科学可信度，而鉴于社会中放射性风险评估的高度敏感性，科学可信度将始终面临挑战。我们提出了一个综合的、多学科的计划，以评估和减少与放射性风险评估相关的不确定性，以保护人类健康和环境。与此同时，我们将致力于建设所需的能力，以确保英国重建和保持在环境放射性的专业知识到未来。我们的项目有四个主要的和高度相互关联的组成部分，以解决RATE的关键目标，重建英国的能力，并作出重大贡献，以加强环境保护和保障人类健康。第一个组成部分将研究放射性核素在土壤中的生物利用度如何随时间变化。我们将调查，如果短期测量（收集在三年的对照实验）可以用来预测土壤中的放射性核素的长期可用性，通过测试我们的模型在切尔诺贝利禁区。第二部分将应用“生物发生学”和“生物学”的概念来研究植物和其他生物体对放射性核素的吸收。这些方法，统计建模方法，越来越多地应用于描述植物营养中的一系列元素的吸收，我们正在开拓他们的使用研究放射性核素在其他生物和人类食物的吸收。该方法的一个特别令人兴奋的方面是可以对任何植物或动物进行预测。这是非常有价值的，因为不可能测量所有野生动物、农作物和农场动物的吸收量。这项工作的第三个组成部分将扩大我们的努力，通过调查所涉的基本机制，改进辐射照射的量化和对由此产生的生物效应的了解。一个关键的目标是，看看我们从实验室的动物和植物实验中了解到的情况是否能很好地代表真实的世界中发生的情况：一些科学家认为，自然环境中的动物比实验室动物更容易受到辐射的影响：我们需要对此进行测试，以便对我们的风险评估有信心。这些研究将使我们能够减少和更好地量化与辐射风险评估相关的不确定性。通过培训一批PDRA和博士，我们的第四个组成部分将通过提供训练有素、经验丰富的研究人员，帮助恢复英国在环境放射性方面的能力，这些研究人员通过研究人员的联系在英国和国际上建立了良好的网络。我们的学生将通过他们的控制实验室研究和在受污染的环境中工作，在广泛的基本技能培训。他们将成为多学科团队的一员，并有机会与我们的受益者和广泛的项目合作伙伴一起工作。该项目的成果将使负责评估环境放射性对人类和野生动物构成的风险的政府和非政府组织受益。它还将为提高科学界和公众对环境安全评估结果的信心作出重大贡献。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

An Extended Dose-Response Model for Microbial Responses to Ionizing Radiation

微生物对电离辐射反应的扩展剂量反应模型

DOI：
10.3389/fenvs.2017.00006
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Frontiers in Environmental Science
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Siasou E
通讯作者：
Siasou E

Radioactivity in Future Phosphogypsum: New predictions based on estimates of 'Peak P' and rock phosphate resources.

未来磷石膏的放射性：基于“P 峰”和磷矿资源估计的新预测。

DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106828
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of environmental radioactivity
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Willey N
通讯作者：
Willey N

Inter-Taxa Differences in Iodine Uptake by Plants: Implications for Food Quality and Contamination

植物吸收碘的类群间差异：对食品质量和污染的影响

DOI：
10.3390/agronomy5040537
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Agronomy
影响因子：
0
作者：
Siasou E
通讯作者：
Siasou E

Making the most of what we have: application of extrapolation approaches in radioecological wildlife transfer models.

充分利用我们所拥有的：外推方法在放射生态野生动物转移模型中的应用。

DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.022
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Journal of environmental radioactivity
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Beresford NA
通讯作者：
Beresford NA

Predicting the Effects of Low Dose-Rate Ionizing Radiation on Redox Potential in Plant Cells.

预测低剂量率电离辐射对植物细胞氧化还原电位的影响。

DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-9463-2_11
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Caplin N
通讯作者：
Caplin N

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Neil Willey其他文献

A new approach to predicting environmental transfer of radionuclides to wildlife: a demonstration for freshwater fish and caesium.

预测放射性核素向野生动物的环境转移的新方法：淡水鱼和铯的演示。

DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.013
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
The Science of the total environment
影响因子：
0
作者：
N. Beresford;T. Yankovich;M. Wood;Sergey Fesenko;P. Andersson;M. Muikku;Neil Willey
通讯作者：
Neil Willey