PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF DIET AND CANCER

饮食与癌症的前瞻性队列研究

• 批准号: 6102139
• 负责人: LAURENCE N. KOLONEL
• 金额: $ 30.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 1999-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6102139
• 关键词: Hawaii; bladder neoplasm; breast neoplasms; cancer registry /resource; colon neoplasms; dietary constituent; ethnic group; fruit; human mortality; human subject; longitudinal human study; lung neoplasms; meat; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nutrition aspect of cancer; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; oral pharyngeal neoplasm; pancreas; pancreas neoplasms; prostate neoplasms; questionnaires; smoking; stomach neoplasms; uterus neoplasms; vegetables

This project continues surveillance for cancer incidence on a prospective cohort of 41,400 Hawaii residents who were interviewed between 1975 and 1980. The subjects constitute a random sample Of the population and include all main ethnic groups in Hawaii. Food frequency information, smoking and alcohol histories, height, weight, occupation, and demographic data were collected on each person. On a small subset of the cohort (4,890 persons), a more extensive, quantitative diet history was obtained. Because we have shown that out-migration rates in this cohort are extremely low, surveillance can be carried out entirely by computer linkage with the statewide, population-based Hawaii Tumor Registry. By the end of 1996 (fourth year of the renewal period), we expect the following numbers of cases of the cancers of interest: 544 lung, 360 colon, 531 breast, 410 prostate, 187 stomach, 116 pancreas, 82 oropharynx, 142 bladder, and 100 endometrium. Two specific aims will be pursued in the renewal period: 1) The relationship of antecedent diet to cancer occurrence at specific sites will be investigated. This analysis will include additional cancers that could not be studied previously because of small numbers of cases (oropharynx, stomach, pancreas, bladder, and endometrium). For the more common cancer sites (lung, colon, breast, and prostate), analyses will be extended to include ethnic-specific comparisons and comparisons by place of birth. These analyses will utilize recently-developed subgroup-specific portion size estimates. In addition, further assessments of the quality of the questionnaire data will be made, utilizing the more complete information on the special subset of the cohort. 2) Total mortality and competing risks of death will be examined in relation to dietary and anthropometric risk factors. To test the dietary hypotheses (aim 1), we will use proportional hazards regression to compare incidence among exposed and non-exposed cohort members, while adjusting for potential confounders. Examples of relationships to be examined for the less common sites include: meat intake and pancreatic cancer risk; salted fish and pickled vegetable consumption and stomach cancer risk; and fresh fruit and raw vegetable consumption and oropharyngeal, stomach, pancreatic, bladder, and endometrial cancer risk. To evaluate the effects of dietary and anthropometric factors on total mortality (aim 2), we will use the proportional hazards model to regress the time-to-death on the covariate of interest, after adjusting for confounding variables. Using this method, we will also examine the effects on mortality of various degrees of adherence to the recommended dietary guidelines from NCI and other agencies. A major strength of this cohort is the efficiency and low cost with which the surveillance and analyses can be carried out to yield useful information on associations between dietary components and cancer risk.

该项目继续对癌症发病率进行前瞻性监测， 在1975年至1999年期间， 1980.受试者构成了人口的随机样本， 包括夏威夷所有主要族裔群体。食物频率信息， 吸烟和饮酒史、身高、体重、职业和人口统计学 收集了每个人的数据。在队列的一小部分（4，890 人），获得更广泛的定量饮食史。 因为我们已经表明，这一群体的向外迁移率是 极低，监视可以完全通过计算机进行 与全州范围内基于人口的夏威夷肿瘤登记处联系。由 到一九九六年年底（续期的第四年），我们预期 感兴趣的癌症病例数：544例肺癌，360例结肠癌，531例 乳腺、410例前列腺、187例胃、116例胰腺、82例口咽、142例 膀胱和100个子宫内膜。 在更新期内，将实现两个具体目标： 前期饮食与特定部位癌症发生的关系 将进行调查。这项分析将包括其他癌症， 由于病例数量较少，以前无法进行研究 （口咽、胃、胰腺、膀胱和子宫内膜）。为更 常见癌症部位（肺、结肠、乳腺和前列腺），分析将 扩大到包括按族裔进行的比较和按地点进行的比较 出生。这些分析将利用最近开发的亚组特异性 部分大小估计。此外，还需要进一步评估 问卷调查的数据将作出，利用更完整的 关于群组的特殊子集的信息。2)总死亡率和 竞争性死亡风险将在饮食和 人体测量风险因素。 为了检验饮食假设（目标1），我们将使用比例风险 回归以比较暴露和非暴露队列之间的发生率 成员，同时调整潜在的混杂因素。的实例 对于不太常见的位点，需要检查的关系包括：肉 摄入量与胰腺癌风险;咸鱼和泡菜 及新鲜水果和生蔬菜 消耗和口咽，胃，胰腺，膀胱，和 子宫内膜癌风险。评估饮食和 人体测量因素对总死亡率的影响（目标2），我们将使用 比例风险模型，以根据协变量回归至死亡时间 在调整混杂变量后。使用这种方法， 我们还将研究不同程度的 遵守NCI和其他机构推荐的膳食指南 社. 这一群体的主要优势是效率和低成本， 可以进行监测和分析， 关于饮食成分与癌症风险之间关系的信息。