PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF DIET AND CANCER

饮食与癌症的前瞻性队列研究

• 批准号: 6236675
• 负责人: LAURENCE N. KOLONEL
• 金额: $ 30.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 1999-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6236675
• 关键词: Hawaii; bladder neoplasm; breast neoplasms; cancer registry /resource; colon neoplasms; dietary constituent; ethnic group; fruit; human mortality; human subject; longitudinal human study; lung neoplasms; meat; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nutrition aspect of cancer; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; oral pharyngeal neoplasm; pancreas; pancreas neoplasms; prostate neoplasms; questionnaires; smoking; stomach neoplasms; uterus neoplasms; vegetables

This project continues surveillance for cancer incidence on a prospective cohort of 41,400 Hawaii residents who were interviewed between 1975 and 1980. The subjects constitute a random sample Of the population and include all main ethnic groups in Hawaii. Food frequency information, smoking and alcohol histories, height, weight, occupation, and demographic data were collected on each person. On a small subset of the cohort (4,890 persons), a more extensive, quantitative diet history was obtained. Because we have shown that out-migration rates in this cohort are extremely low, surveillance can be carried out entirely by computer linkage with the statewide, population-based Hawaii Tumor Registry. By the end of 1996 (fourth year of the renewal period), we expect the following numbers of cases of the cancers of interest: 544 lung, 360 colon, 531 breast, 410 prostate, 187 stomach, 116 pancreas, 82 oropharynx, 142 bladder, and 100 endometrium. Two specific aims will be pursued in the renewal period: 1) The relationship of antecedent diet to cancer occurrence at specific sites will be investigated. This analysis will include additional cancers that could not be studied previously because of small numbers of cases (oropharynx, stomach, pancreas, bladder, and endometrium). For the more common cancer sites (lung, colon, breast, and prostate), analyses will be extended to include ethnic-specific comparisons and comparisons by place of birth. These analyses will utilize recently-developed subgroup-specific portion size estimates. In addition, further assessments of the quality of the questionnaire data will be made, utilizing the more complete information on the special subset of the cohort. 2) Total mortality and competing risks of death will be examined in relation to dietary and anthropometric risk factors. To test the dietary hypotheses (aim 1), we will use proportional hazards regression to compare incidence among exposed and non-exposed cohort members, while adjusting for potential confounders. Examples of relationships to be examined for the less common sites include: meat intake and pancreatic cancer risk; salted fish and pickled vegetable consumption and stomach cancer risk; and fresh fruit and raw vegetable consumption and oropharyngeal, stomach, pancreatic, bladder, and endometrial cancer risk. To evaluate the effects of dietary and anthropometric factors on total mortality (aim 2), we will use the proportional hazards model to regress the time-to-death on the covariate of interest, after adjusting for confounding variables. Using this method, we will also examine the effects on mortality of various degrees of adherence to the recommended dietary guidelines from NCI and other agencies. A major strength of this cohort is the efficiency and low cost with which the surveillance and analyses can be carried out to yield useful information on associations between dietary components and cancer risk.

该项目继续前瞻性地监测癌症发病率 1975 年至 1975 年间接受采访的 41,400 名夏威夷居民 1980. 受试者构成人口的随机样本，并且 包括夏威夷所有主要民族。食物频率信息， 吸烟史和饮酒史、身高、体重、职业和人口统计 收集了每个人的数据。队列中的一小部分（4,890 人），获得了更广泛、定量的饮食史。 因为我们已经表明该群体的外迁率是 极低，完全可以通过计算机进行监控 与全州范围内基于人口的夏威夷肿瘤登记处建立联系。由 到 1996 年底（更新期的第四年），我们预计会出现以下情况 感兴趣的癌症病例数：544 例肺癌、360 例结肠癌、531 例 乳房、410 前列腺、187 胃、116 胰腺、82 口咽、142 膀胱和100子宫内膜。 更新期间将追求两个具体目标： 1) 先前饮食与特定部位癌症发生的关系 将被调查。该分析将包括其他癌症 由于病例数少，之前无法进行研究 （口咽、胃、胰腺、膀胱和子宫内膜）。为了更多 常见癌症部位（肺癌、结肠癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌），分析将包括 扩展到包括特定种族的比较和按地点的比较 出生的。这些分析将利用最近开发的特定亚组 份量估计。此外，进一步评估质量 问卷调查数据将利用更完整的 有关该群体的特殊子集的信息。 2) 总死亡率和 将根据饮食和饮食来检查死亡的竞争风险 人体测量危险因素。 为了检验饮食假设（目标 1），我们将使用比例风险 回归比较暴露组和非暴露组的发生率 成员，同时调整潜在的混杂因素。的例子 要检查不太常见站点的关系包括： 肉类 摄入量和胰腺癌风险；咸鱼酸菜 消费和胃癌风险；以及新鲜水果和生蔬菜 消耗和口咽、胃、胰腺、膀胱和 子宫内膜癌风险。评估饮食和饮食的影响 人体测量因素对总死亡率的影响（目标 2），我们将使用 比例风险模型对协变量的死亡时间进行回归 在调整混杂变量后，我们很感兴趣。使用这种方法， 我们还将研究不同程度的死亡率对死亡率的影响 遵守 NCI 和其他机构推荐的饮食指南 机构。 该群体的主要优势是效率高且成本低 可以进行监视和分析以产生有用的结果 有关饮食成分与癌症风险之间关联的信息。