Multiethnic Cohort Study of Diet and Cancer

？？‘’‘。 这项多种族队列(MEC)研究旨在前瞻性地调查饮食和 其他生活方式因素与五个民族(非洲裔美国人、日裔美国人、拉美裔美国人、 土著夏威夷人和高加索人)，并探索这些危险因素和遗传因素之间的相互作用 对癌症易感性。自该队列在1993-96年度成立以来，经过10多年的跟踪调查， 累积了215,000名参与者，使项目达到了现在可以充分发挥其潜力的地步 意识到了。在当前的支助周期中，我们正在重新管理基线调查问卷，以获得 更新(10年)关于受试者的饮食和其他信息(例如，吸烟、体力活动、荷尔蒙 用法、药物、并发疾病)。我们一直在分析基线问卷的数据， 饮食和非饮食的数据，以及关于遗传易感性和基因-环境相互作用的数据。 自2003年初以来，我们总共发表了50篇来自该队列的论文。我们一直是世界上 NCI乳腺癌和前列腺癌队列联盟的积极参与者，并与 该财团的其他成员以及外部机构的调查人员。在未来5年内 期间，我们有几个饮食科学目标，包括进一步研究民族性的基础 我们在饮食和癌症关系中观察到的差异，调查了与饮食相关的假设 最近添加到我们食物成分表中的成分(例如，反式脂肪酸、血红素铁、血糖负荷、 杂环胺)，对一些不常见部位的研究(例如，非霍奇金淋巴瘤、卵巢和肾脏)， 更深入的分组分析(例如，按组织学和分期)，以及对饮食关系的调查 为癌症的存活期。我们还有几个非饮食科学目标，特别是与调查有关的- 然而，乳腺癌和肺癌风险的种族差异却无法解释。必须做的重要工作 维持队列及其几个数据库将继续，包括管理另一个短期跟踪- UP调查问卷和对独特的食物成分表的定期增强。最后，我们将继续 培养研究生和博士后研究员。我们希望这项研究不仅能扩大知识 环境风险因素和基因在癌症风险中的作用，同时也加深了对 在癌症发生和存活率方面的民族/种族差异的基础。

¿' . ' ' ' . The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study was designed to prospectively investigate the relationship of diet and other lifestyle factors to cancer risk in five ethnic groups (African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latinos, Native Hawaiians and Caucasians),and to explore interactions between these risk factors and genetic susceptibility to cancer. Since establishment of the cohort in 1993-96, more than 10 years of follow-up have accrued on the 215,000 participants, bringing the project to a point where its full potential can now be realized. In the current cycle of support, we are re-administering the baseline questionnaire to obtain updated (10-year) dietary and other information on the subjects (e.g., smoking, physical activity, hormonal usage, medications, intercurrent illnesses). We have been analyzing data from the baseline questionnaire, both dietary and non-dietary, as well as data on genetic susceptibility and gene-environment interactions. Altogether, we have published 50 papers from the cohort since early 2003. We have been among the most active participants in NCI's Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, and have shared our data with other members of the consortium, as well as with investigators at outside institutions. For the next 5-year period, we have several dietary scientific aims, including further research into the basis for ethnic differences we observed in diet and cancer relationships, investigation of hypotheses related to dietary constituents recently added to our food composition table (e.g., trans fatty acids, heme iron, glycemic load, heterocyclic amines), study of some less common sites (e.g., non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ovary and kidney), more in-depth subgroup analyses (e.g., by histology and stage), and investigations of the relationship of diet to cancer survival. We also have several non-dietary scientific aims, particularly related to investigating as- yet unexplainable ethnic differences in breast and lung cancer risk. The important work necessary to maintain the cohort and its several databases will continue, including administration of another short follow- up questionnaire and regular enhancements to the unique food composition table. Finally, we will continue to train graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. We expect this research not only to expand knowledge of the role of environmental risk factors and genes in cancer risk, but also to further an understanding of the basis for ethnic/racial disparities in cancer occurrence and survival.