Tellurium and Selenium Cycling and Supply

碲和硒的循环和供应

• 批准号: NE/M010848/1
• 负责人: Daniel Smith
• 金额: $ 114.7万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM010848%2F1
• 关键词: Tellurium; Selenium; Cycling; Supply

A shift from fossil fuels to low-CO2 technologies will lead to greater consumption of certain essential raw materials. Tellurium (Te) and selenium (Se) are 'E-tech' elements essential in photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. They are rare and mined only in small quantities; their location within the Earth is poorly known; recovering them is technically and economically challenging; and their recovery and recycling has significant environmental impacts. Yet demand is expected to surge and PV film production will consume most Se mined and outstrip Te supply by 2020. Presently, these elements are available only as by-products of Cu and Ni refining and their recovery from these ores is decreasing, leading to a supply risk that could hamper the roll-out of PV.Meeting future demand requires new approaches, including a change from by-production to targeted processing of Se and Te-rich ores. Our research aims to tackle the security of supply by understanding the processes that govern how and where these elements are concentrated in the Earth's crust; and by enabling their recovery with minimal environmental and economic cost. This will involve >20 industrial partners from explorers, producers, processors, end-users and academia, contributing over £0.5M. Focussed objectives across 6 environments will target key knowledge gaps.The magmatic environment: Develop methods for accurately measuring Se and Te in minerals and rocks - they typically occur in very low concentrations and research is hampered by the lack of reliable data. Experimentally determine how Te and Se distribute between sulfide liquids and magmas - needed to predict where they occur - and ground-truth these data using well-understood magmatic systems. Assess the recognised, but poorly understood, role of "alkaline" magmas in hydrothermal Te mineralisation.The hydrothermal environment: Measure preferences of Te and Se for different minerals to predict mineral hosts and design ore process strategies. Model water-rock reaction in "alkaline" magma-related hydrothermal systems to test whether the known association is controlled by water chemistry.The critical zone environment: Determine the chemical forms and distributions of Te and Se in the weathering environment to understand solubility, mobility and bioavailability. This in turn controls the geochemical halo for exploration and provides a natural analogue for microbiological extraction.The sedimentary environment: Identify the geological and microbiological controls on the occurrence, mobility and concentration of Se and Te in coal - a possible major repository of Se. Identify the geological and microbiological mechanisms of Se and Te concentration in oxidised and reduced sediments - and evaluate these mechanisms as potential industrial separation processes.Microbiological processing: Identify efficient Se- and Te-precipitating micro-organisms and optimise conditions for recovery from solution. Assess the potential to bio-recover Se and Te from ores and leachates and design a bioreactor.Ionic liquid processing: Assess the ability of ionic solvents to dissolve Se and Te ore minerals as a recovery method. Optimise ionic liquid processing and give a pilot-plant demonstration.This is the first holistic study of the Te and Se cycle through the Earth's crust, integrated with groundbreaking ore-processing research. Our results will be used by industry to: efficiently explore for new Te and Se deposits; adapt processing techniques to recover Te and Se from existing deposits; use new low-energy, low-environmental impact recovery technologies. Our results will be used by national agencies to improve estimates of future Te and Se supplies to end-users, who will benefit from increased confidence in security of supply, and to international government for planning future energy strategies. The public will benefit through unhindered development of sustainable environmental technologies to support a low-CO2 society.

从化石燃料向低二氧化碳技术的转变将导致某些重要原材料的消耗增加。碲（Te）和硒（Se）是光伏（PV）太阳能电池板必不可少的“E-tech”元素。它们很稀有，开采量很小；它们在地球上的位置鲜为人知；回收它们在技术上和经济上都具有挑战性；它们的回收和循环利用对环境有重大影响。然而，预计需求将激增，光伏薄膜生产将消耗大部分已开采的硒，到2020年将超过供应。目前，这些元素只能作为铜和镍精炼的副产品获得，并且从这些矿石中回收的元素正在减少，导致供应风险可能会阻碍PV的推广。满足未来的需求需要新的方法，包括从副产品到富硒和富碲矿石的定向加工的转变。我们的研究旨在通过了解控制这些元素在地壳中集中的方式和位置的过程来解决供应安全问题；并以最小的环境和经济成本进行回收。这将涉及来自勘探商、生产商、加工商、最终用户和学术界的20多个工业合作伙伴，贡献超过50万英镑。6个环境的重点目标将针对关键的知识差距。岩浆环境：开发精确测量矿物和岩石中的硒和碲的方法——它们通常以非常低的浓度出现，缺乏可靠的数据阻碍了研究。通过实验确定Te和Se在硫化物液体和岩浆之间的分布——需要预测它们发生的位置——并利用人们熟知的岩浆系统对这些数据进行实地验证。评估“碱性”岩浆在热液Te矿化中的作用。热液环境：测量Te和Se对不同矿物的偏好，以预测矿物寄主和设计矿石工艺策略。模拟“碱性”岩浆相关热液系统中的水岩反应，以测试已知的关联是否受水化学控制。关键带环境：测定风化环境中Te和Se的化学形态和分布，了解溶解度、流动性和生物利用度。这反过来又控制了地球化学晕的勘探，并为微生物提取提供了天然的类似物。沉积环境：确定煤中硒和碲的赋存、迁移和富集的地质和微生物控制因素——煤可能是硒的主要储存库。确定氧化和还原沉积物中Se和Te浓度的地质和微生物机制-并评估这些机制作为潜在的工业分离过程。微生物处理：确定有效的Se和te沉淀微生物，并优化从溶液中回收的条件。评估从矿石和渗滤液中生物回收硒和碲的潜力，并设计一个生物反应器。离子液体处理：评估离子溶剂溶解Se和Te矿石矿物的能力，作为一种回收方法。优化离子液体工艺并进行中试示范。这是对地壳中Te和Se循环的第一次全面研究，结合了开创性的矿石加工研究。我们的研究结果将用于工业：有效地勘探新的Te和Se矿床；调整处理技术，从现有矿床中回收Te和Se；使用新的低能耗、低环境影响的回收技术。我们的研究结果将被国家机构用来改善对最终用户未来碲和硒供应的估计，最终用户将受益于对供应安全的信心增强，国际政府也将受益于规划未来的能源战略。公众将受益于可持续环境技术的无障碍发展，以支持低二氧化碳社会。

项目成果

The second International Symposium on Fungal Stress: ISFUS.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.10.011
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Fungal biology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Alene Alder-Rangel;A. Bailão;A. D. da Cunha;C. M. Soares;Chengshu Wang;D. Bonatto;E. Dadachova;E. Hakalehto;E. Eleutherio;É. Fernandes;G. Gadd;G. Braus;G. U. Braga;G. Goldman;I. Malavazi;J. E. Hallsworth;J. Takemoto;Kevin K. Fuller;L. Selbmann;L. Corrochano;M. R. von Zeska Kress;M. C. Bertolini;M. Schmoll;N. Pedrini;O. Loera;R. Finlay;R. Peralta;D. Rangel

Paint casting: A facile method of studying mineral electrochemistry

涂料铸造：研究矿物电化学的简便方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.01.002
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Electrochemistry Communications
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Abbott A

Dissolution of pyrite and other Fe-S-As minerals using deep eutectic solvents

• DOI: 10.1039/c7gc00334j
• 发表时间: 2017-05-07
• 期刊: GREEN CHEMISTRY
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Abbott, Andrew P.;Al-Bassam, Ahmed Z. M.;Wieland, Matthias
• 通讯作者: Wieland, Matthias

Petrícekite, CuSe2, a New Member of the Marcasite Group from the Predborice Deposit, Central Bohemia Region, Czech Republic

Petrécekite，CuSe2，来自捷克共和国中波希米亚地区 Predborice 矿床的白铁矿群的新成员

• DOI: 10.3390/min6020033
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Minerals
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Bindi L

Mobilization and Fractionation of Magmatic Sulfide: Emplacement and Deformation of the Munali Ni-(Cu-Platinum Group Element) Deposit, Zambia

岩浆硫化物的流动和分馏：赞比亚 Munali 镍（铜铂族元素）矿床的侵位和变形

• DOI: 10.5382/econgeo.4906
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Economic Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Blanks D