INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES IN CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY

该项目是一个流行病学和实验室相结合的项目 当前肺部流行病学研究中的关键问题探讨 癌症是导致男性和女性癌症死亡的主要原因。它 代表了科学家在几个学科中的合作努力， 以阐明肺癌流行病学变化为共同主题， 组织学，以及可能对公众健康有重大影响的香烟成分 这意味着什么。在项目1中，我们提出了一项肺癌的病例对照研究。 根据观察到的风险差异寻找新的线索 与性别和种族有关的，可能与 环境/生活方式因素(如雌激素替代)和 代谢因素(如致癌物质的解毒)。项目2是一个 对不同产量香烟的吸烟者进行的生物标记物研究，其目标是 它是为了开发对实际生物剂量的现实估计 香烟烟雾中的尼古丁和致癌物质。项目3将利用 代谢和分子技术研究两者的差异 黑人和白人在某些烟草亚硝胺激活中的作用 被认为与肺癌有关，肺癌在黑人中也更高 作为与膀胱癌有关的芳香胺的解毒，这是 黑人的比例要低得多。作为一个整体，该计划将 极大地有助于我们对疾病的原因和预防的了解 与烟草有关的癌症，尤指肺癌。

This Program Project is an integrated epidemiology and laboratory investigation of current critical issues in the epidemiology of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a collaborative effort by scientists in several disciplines, with the common theme of elucidating changes in lung cancer epidemiology, histology, and cigarette composition that may have major public health implications. In project 1 we propose a case-control study of lung cancer to pursue new leads with respect to observed differences in risk associated with both gender and race that may be related to differences in environmental/lifestyle factors (such as estrogen replacement) and metabolic factors (such as detoxification of carcinogens). Project 2 is a biomarker study with smokers of cigarettes with varying yields, whose goal it is to develop realistic estimates of actual biological dosage of nicotine and carcinogens from cigarette smoke. Project 3 will utilize metabolic and molecular techniques to investigate differences between Blacks and Whites in activation of certain tobacco-derived nitrosamines thought to be related to lung cancer, which is higher in Blacks, as well as detoxification of aromatic amines involved in bladder cancer, which is substantially lower in Blacks. Taken as a whole, this Program will significantly contribute to our knowledge of the cause and prevention of tobacco-related cancers, especially cancer of the lung.