Impacts of the Calbuco eruption, Chile

智利卡尔布科火山喷发的影响

• 批准号: NE/N007271/1
• 负责人: David Pyle
• 金额: $ 6.53万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN007271%2F1
• 关键词: Impacts; Calbuco; eruption; Chile

A major explosive volcanic eruption in Chile has occurred at volcan Calbuco. This volcano has been quiet for over 40 years, and showed no sign that it was about to erupt until just a few hours beforehand. This eruption created a spectacular plume, which sent ash and gases high into the atmosphere, disrupting air transport and causing misery on the ground. In the three days after the eruption, volcanic ash fell across a wide area of central South America, across areas that include ancient native forests; cities, towns and villages; and farms, both on land and at sea. We plan to carry out field work across areas of Chile and Argentina where ash fell, working with local scientists to measure how much ash fell out during the eruption; and to work out what the effects of the eruption are both in the weeks after the eruption, and in the longer term. Although this is a major eruption, much of the deposits will soon become buried within the soil; blown away by winds, or washed away by rain, so we will need to work quickly to find the ash where it fell. Since ash fell out across an area where many millions of people live, we should be able to work out how much the deposits have changed in the days and weeks since eruption, by locating photographs posted across social media at the time. One of the things that we hope to learn from this eruption is to work out how to help people cope better when ash falls out across their cities and farms, and to use this information to help plan for future events.

智利卡尔布科火山发生重大火山喷发。这座火山已经平静了 40 多年，直到几小时前才显示出即将喷发的迹象。这次喷发产生了壮观的羽流，将火山灰和气体送入大气层，扰乱了航空运输，给地面带来了痛苦。火山喷发后的三天内，火山灰落在南美洲中部的大片地区，其中包括古老的原生森林；城市、城镇和村庄；以及陆地和海上的农场。我们计划在智利和阿根廷火山灰喷发地区开展实地工作，与当地科学家合作，测量火山喷发期间喷发的火山灰数量；并计算出火山喷发对火山喷发后几周以及长期的影响。尽管这是一次大喷发，但大部分沉积物很快就会被埋在土壤中；被风吹走，或者被雨水冲走，所以我们需要迅速找到灰烬掉落的地方。由于火山灰落在数百万人居住的地区，我们应该能够通过查找当时发布在社交媒体上的照片来计算出火山爆发后几天或几周内沉积物的变化程度。我们希望从这次火山喷发中学到的一件事是，弄清楚如何帮助人们更好地应对城市和农场的火山灰喷发，并利用这些信息来帮助规划未来的事件。

项目成果

Volcanic Ash

火山灰

• DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100405-0.00004-5
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Pyle D

Volcanoes: Encounters through the Ages

火山：历代的邂逅

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Pyle

Compositional variability in mafic arc magmas over short spatial and temporal scales: Evidence for the signature of mantle reactive melt channels

短时空尺度上镁铁质弧岩浆的成分变化：地幔反应性熔融通道特征的证据

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.09.056
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Rawson H

Volcanic lightning and plume behavior reveal evolving hazards during the April 2015 eruption of Calbuco volcano, Chile

• DOI: 10.1002/2016gl068076
• 发表时间: 2016-04-16
• 期刊: GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Van Eaton, Alexa R.;Amigo, Alvaro;Behnke, Sonja A.
• 通讯作者: Behnke, Sonja A.