Arctic PRoductivity in the seasonal Ice ZonE (Arctic PrIZE)

北极季节性冰区生产力（北极奖）

• 批准号: NE/P005721/1
• 负责人: Lars Boehme
• 金额: $ 17.23万
• 依托单位: University of St Andrews
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP005721%2F1
• 关键词: Arctic; PRoductivity; seasonal; Ice; ZonE

Arctic PRIZE will address the core objective of the Changing Arctic Ocean Program by seeking to understand and predict how change in sea ice and ocean properties will affect the large-scale ecosystem structure of the Arctic Ocean. We will investigate the seasonally and spatially varying relationship between sea ice, water column structure, light, nutrients and productivity and the roles they play in structuring energy transfer to pelagic zooplankton and benthic megafauna.We focus on the seasonal ice zone (SIZ) of the Barents Sea - a highly productive region that is undergoing considerable change in its sea ice distribution - and target the critically important but under-sampled seasonal transition from winter into the post-bloom summer period. Of critical importance is the need to develop the predictive tools necessary to assess how the Arctic ecosystems will respond to a reducing sea ice cover. This will be achieved through a combined experimental/modelling programme. The project is embedded within international Arctic networks based in Norway and Canada and coordinated with ongoing US projects in the Pacific Arctic. Through these international research networks our proposal will have a legacy of cooperation far beyond the lifetime of the funding. The project comprises five integrated work packages.WP1 Physical Parameters: We will measure properties of the water column (temperature, salinity, turbulent fluxes, light, fluorometry) in both open water and under sea ice by deploying animal-borne tags on seals which preferentially inhabit the marginal ice zone (MIZ). We will use ocean gliders to patrol the water around the MIZ and track it as the ice retreats northwards in summer. Measurements of underwater light fields will support development of improved regional remote sensing algorithms to extend the spatial and temporal context of the proposal beyond the immediate deployment period.WP2 Nutrient Dynamics: We will undertake an extensive program of measuring inorganic and organic nutrients, their concentrations, isotopic signatures and vertical fluxes to understand the role of vertical mixing and advection (WP1) in regulating nutrient supply to PP in the surface ocean.WP3 Phytoplankton Production: We will investigate nutrient supply (WP2) and light availability (WP1) linked to sea ice affect the magnitude, timing, and composition of phytoplankton production, and the role of seasonal physiological plasticity. Through new numerical parameterisations - cross-tuned and validated using a rich array of observations - we will develop predictive skill related to biological production and its fate; resolve longstanding questions about the competing effects of increased light and wind mixing associated with sea ice loss; and therefore contribute to the international effort to project the functioning of Pan-Arctic ecosystems.WP4 Zooplankton Behaviour: Zooplankton undergo vertical migrations to graze on PP at the surface. We will use acoustic instruments on moorings and AUVs, with nets and video profiles to measure the composition and behaviours of pelagic organisms in relation in light and mixing (WP1) and phytoplankton production (WP3) over the seasonal cycle of sea ice cover. The behaviours identified will be used to improve models that capture the life-history and behavioural traits of Arctic zooplankton. These models can then be used to investigate how feeding strategies of key Arctic zooplankton species may be modified during an era of reducing sea ice cover.WP5 Benthic Community: We will use an AUV equipped with camera system to acquire imagery of the large seabed-dwelling organisms to investigate how changes in sea ice duration (WP1), timing of PP (WP3) and bentho-pelagic coupling (WP4) can modify the spatial variation in benthic community composition. We will also conduct time series-studies in an Arctic fjord using a photolander system to record the seasonally varying community response to pulses of organic matter.

北极奖将通过寻求了解和预测海冰和海洋特性的变化将如何影响北冰洋的大规模生态系统结构来实现改变北冰洋计划的核心目标。我们将研究海冰、水柱结构、光、营养物和生产力之间的季节性和空间变化关系，以及它们在构造向中上层浮游动物和底栖巨型动物的能量转移中所发挥的作用。我们重点关注巴伦支海的季节性冰区（SIZ）——一个高产区域，其海冰分布正在经历相当大的变化——并针对从冬季到冬季的极其重要但采样不足的季节过渡。 开花后的夏季时期。至关重要的是需要开发必要的预测工具来评估北极生态系统将如何应对海冰覆盖减少。这将通过组合实验/建模计划来实现。该项目嵌入在挪威和加拿大的国际北极网络中，并与美国在北极太平洋地区正在进行的项目进行协调。通过这些国际研究网络，我们的提案将产生远远超出资助期限的合作遗产。该项目包括五个综合工作包。WP1物理参数：我们将通过在优先栖息于边缘冰区（MIZ）的海豹上部署动物标签来测量开放水域和海冰下水柱的特性（温度、盐度、湍流通量、光线、荧光测定）。我们将使用海洋滑翔机在 MIZ 周围的水域巡逻，并在夏季冰层向北退缩时对其进行跟踪。水下光场的测量将支持改进的区域遥感算法的开发，以将提案的空间和时间背景扩展到直接部署期之外。WP2营养物动力学：我们将开展一项广泛的计划，测量无机和有机营养物及其浓度、同位素特征和垂直通量，以了解垂直混合和平流（WP1）在调节中的作用 WP3 浮游植物生产：我们将研究与海冰相关的养分供应 (WP2) 和光利用率 (WP1) 对浮游植物生产的规模、时间和组成的影响，以及季节性生理可塑性的作用。通过新的数值参数化——使用大量的观察结果进行交叉调整和验证——我们将开发与生物生产及其命运相关的预测技能；解决长期存在的问题，即与海冰损失相关的光和风混合增加的竞争效应；因此，为预测泛北极生态系统功能的国际努力做出贡献。WP4 浮游动物行为：浮游动物进行垂直迁移，在地表以 PP 为食。我们将在系泊处和 AUV 上使用声学仪器，通过网和视频剖面来测量海冰覆盖季节周期中与光和混合 (WP1) 和浮游植物生产 (WP3) 相关的中上层生物的组成和行为。确定的行为将用于改进捕捉北极浮游动物的生活史和行为特征的模型。然后，这些模型可用于研究在海冰覆盖减少的时代如何改变北极主要浮游动物物种的摄食策略。 WP5 底栖群落：我们将使用配备摄像系统的 AUV 获取大型海底生物的图像，以研究海冰持续时间 (WP1)、PP 时间 (WP3) 和底栖-中上层耦合 (WP4) 的变化如何改变 底栖群落组成的空间变化。我们还将使用摄影着陆器系统在北极峡湾进行时间序列研究，以记录季节性变化的社区对有机物脉冲的反应。

项目成果

Subglacial discharge plume behaviour revealed by CTD-instrumented ringed seals.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31875-8
• 发表时间: 2018-09-07
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Everett A;Kohler J;Sundfjord A;Kovacs KM;Torsvik T;Pramanik A;Boehme L;Lydersen C
• 通讯作者: Lydersen C

Shine a light: Under-ice light and its ecological implications in a changing Arctic Ocean.

• DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01662-3
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Ambio
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Castellani G;Veyssière G;Karcher M;Stroeve J;Banas SN;Bouman AH;Brierley SA;Connan S;Cottier F;Große F;Hobbs L;Katlein C;Light B;McKee D;Orkney A;Proud R;Schourup-Kristensen V
• 通讯作者: Schourup-Kristensen V

Environmental drivers of population-level variation in the migratory and diving ontogeny of an Arctic top predator.

• DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211042
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Royal Society open science
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Grecian WJ;Stenson GB;Biuw M;Boehme L;Folkow LP;Goulet PJ;Jonsen ID;Malde A;Nordøy ES;Rosing-Asvid A;Smout S
• 通讯作者: Smout S