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Land-use intensification in forest-agriculture frontier landscapes: effects on ecosystem services and poverty alleviation (ESPA-Frontiers)

森林农业前沿景观中的土地利用集约化：对生态系统服务和扶贫的影响（ESPA-Frontiers）

基本信息

批准号：
NE/P008356/1
负责人：
Adrian Martin
金额：
$ 22.19万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP008356%2F1
关键词：
Land use intensification forest agriculture

项目摘要

Agricultural intensification refers to interventions to increase the outputs per hectare of crops or livestock. Whilst intensification can occur through local demand for innovation, it is increasingly imposed through policy interventions in forest-agriculture frontiers. 'Sustainable intensification' and 'land sparing' are examples of popular policy narratives that respond to concerns over future food security and planetary boundaries. Agricultural intensification also features in global development goals and strategies, such as the Sustainable Development Goals and efforts to accelerate a Green Revolution for Africa. Some of the most rapid change is taking place in forest-agriculture frontier, often characterized by mosaic landscapes in transition from subsistence to cash-cropping economics, from longer to shorter fallows, and from lower to higher levels of purchased inputs. These rapidly changing social-ecological systems are also places where poverty alleviation and environmental conservation are priority objectives. However, previous reviews of such transitional landscapes finds that intensification generates more income but also leads to negative outcomes including loss of human and social capital, deforestation, and biodiversity loss (van Vliet et al. 2012). At present we know very little about the trends and patterns of such outcomes, the contexts in which they take shape, or how to improve policy. This knowledge gap about sustainable agriculture and landscapes is well suited to being addressed through an ESPA synthesis, firstly because concerns for sustainable agriculture have been central to the ESPA empirical portfolio (Mace 2014) and secondly because ESPA conceptual approaches provide insightful ways to interrogate the wider body of empirical cases. Thus we draw on ESPA studies but also draw on ESPA framings of ecosystem services, human wellbeing and trade-offs to guide our synthesis of the wider empirical evidence. We propose to synthesise an interdisciplinary body of refereed and grey literatures, primarily through a narrative synthesis approach, with potential to also use statistical meta-analysis or Qualitative Comparative Analysis as a secondary approach. The synthesis will ask how agricultural intensification shapes the changing trade-offs between land use, ecosystem services and poverty alleviation. One particularly novel point of departure is the emerging findings about how land use change, and in particular agricultural intensification, changes how ecosystems are valued by different stakeholders, such that ecosystem services valued under traditional agricultural systems may become less valued (or even become perceived as disservices) under intensified and commodified systems. We propose to work with an interdisciplinary working group of experts with strong engagement with key policymakers and practitioners in organisations working on agriculture, conservation and development. Engagement will ultimately lead to knowledge exchange activities that are intended to bring about uptake of research findings and benefits to the wellbeing of the poor. We propose to do this through co-produced knowledge products (including a policy brief and a short film), workshops, dissemination at global events and interaction with global science-policy platforms such as IPBES. Regarding the latter activity, the project working group has partly been selected for a wide spread of contributions to these platforms and therefore direct opportunities to be part of wider processes of communicating science to policy.

农业集约化是指增加每公顷农作物或牲畜产量的干预措施。虽然集约化可以通过当地对创新的需求来实现，但越来越多的集约化是通过对森林农业前沿的政策干预来实施的。“可持续集约化”和“节约土地”是回应对未来粮食安全和地球边界的担忧的流行政策叙事的例子。农业集约化也是全球发展目标和战略的特点，例如可持续发展目标和加快非洲绿色革命的努力。一些最迅速的变化发生在森林农业前沿，其特点往往是从自给自足向经济作物经济过渡的镶嵌景观，从较长的休耕到较短的休耕，以及从较低水平到较高水平的购买投入。这些快速变化的社会生态系统也是扶贫和环境保护的优先目标。然而，以前对这种过渡性景观的审查发现，集约化产生更多收入，但也会导致负面结果，包括人力和社会资本的损失、森林砍伐和生物多样性的丧失(van Vliet等人)。2012年)。目前，我们对这些结果的趋势和模式、它们形成的背景或如何改进政策知之甚少。关于可持续农业和景观的这一知识差距非常适合通过ESPA综合来解决，首先是因为对可持续农业的关注一直是ESPA经验组合(Mace 2014)的核心，其次是因为ESPA概念方法提供了审问更广泛的经验案例的有见地的方法。因此，我们借鉴了ESPA的研究，但也借鉴了ESPA关于生态系统服务、人类福祉和权衡的框架，以指导我们综合更广泛的经验证据。我们建议综合跨学科的参考文献和灰色文献，主要是通过叙事综合的方法，也可能使用统计荟萃分析或定性比较分析作为次要方法。综合报告将询问农业集约化如何影响土地利用、生态系统服务和扶贫之间不断变化的权衡。一个特别新的出发点是关于土地利用的变化，特别是农业集约化如何改变不同利益攸关方对生态系统的评价的新发现，使得在集约化和商品化的系统下，在传统农业系统下有价值的生态系统服务可能会变得不那么有价值(甚至被认为是有害的)。我们建议与一个由专家组成的跨学科工作组合作，与从事农业、保护和发展工作的组织中的关键政策制定者和从业人员进行强有力的接触。参与最终将导致知识交流活动，这些活动旨在为穷人的福祉带来研究成果和利益。我们建议通过联合制作知识产品(包括一份政策简报和一部短片)、讲习班、在全球活动中传播以及与IPBES等全球科学政策平台互动来做到这一点。关于后一项活动，选择项目工作组的部分原因是对这些平台的广泛贡献，因此直接有机会成为更广泛的科学政策交流进程的一部分。