Harnessing 'citizen science' to reinforce resilience to environmental disasters:creating an evidence base and community of practice
利用“公民科学”增强对环境灾害的抵御能力:创建证据基础和实践社区
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/P016014/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 20.27万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2017 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
'Citizen science', or the participation of 'non-specialists' in the gathering or analysis of scientific data, is playing an increasingly important role in scientific research. It is an excellent way for citizens to contribute to the forecasting and warning of hazards that impact them and could be particularly helpful in low and middle income countries. in these regions, citizen science also has the potential to generate shared understandings of hazardous phenomena, improve communication and help communities at risk take actions to improve their resilience during and after hazardous events. From earlier volcano-related research projects we have evidence that working with communities at risk to gather data and make observations of natural phenomena does help them reduce their risk. It also helps both scientists and community members cope with the uncertainty around hazardous phenomena by helping them to devise strategies that minimise impacts on lives and livelihoods. Researchers working on other hazards have also found this to be the case. There are many challenges in moving from the theory regarding the usefulness of citizen science to the practice of making a project work. What we want to do is (A) understand how we should use 'citizen science' to address these challenges and build resilience to environmental hazards (B) create and nurture an international transdisciplinary community of practice to contribute to future projects (B). We will involve addressing the following objectives: (1) learn lessons and synthesise knowledge from previous citizen science programs and existing initiatives;(2) understand what the barriers to success are with these types of project and try to break them down. We think this means we will have to widen our thinking about citizen science techniques, in new ways. We will incorporate methodologies and techniques from the humanities and we include important lessons from the theory and best practices in international development. We will try to address tensions between 'bottom-up' or community driven practices and 'top-down' or technocratic approaches to gathering data. We will also meet these aims and objectives by using a case study-based approach to frame our thinking about how this will work best for the citizens at risk from environmental hazards. Citizens are at the heart of this project and so we will use conversations with communities in three contrasting study sites (Ecuador, the English-speaking Caribbean and Nepal) to inform our synthesis and critical analysis of the challenges encountered in country.To achieve these aims we have brought together a group of researchers across all relevant fields, and will use our research to create a new community of practice. Each investigator will act as a 'champion' for their specialism to quickly draw together a grouping of experts to attend an initial workshop and we will use the discussion there to inform a synthesis of relevant initiatives and existing evidence. That synthesis will be used to critically reflect on the barriers to success. During this, we will address the tensions between participatory approaches to development focussed on the communities and their empowerment and engagement and more traditional scientific methods driven by the need for knowledge and data coming from the scientists. We will also work to understand the contribution that narratives and narrative analysis bring to the overall goals of 'citizen science' initiatives, and how they might help to equalise relationships within a project. We'll produce an analysis of what might help projects in the future successfully use citizen science to empower communities to deal with natural hazards. We will also increase everyone's knowledge of this field. We will share this analysis with the communities where we work and have designed our case studies to be used by initiatives already in place to increase community resilience in those regions.
“公民科学”,或“非专业人士”参与科学数据的收集或分析,在科学研究中发挥着越来越重要的作用。这是一个很好的方式,让公民有助于预测和警告影响他们的危害,并可能在低收入和中等收入国家特别有帮助。在这些地区,公民科学也有可能产生对危险现象的共同理解,改善沟通,并帮助面临风险的社区采取行动,提高其在危险事件期间和之后的复原力。从早期与火山有关的研究项目中,我们有证据表明,与面临风险的社区合作,收集数据并观察自然现象,确实有助于他们降低风险。它还帮助科学家和社区成员科普危险现象的不确定性,帮助他们制定战略,尽量减少对生命和生计的影响。研究其他危害的研究人员也发现了这种情况。 从关于公民科学有用性的理论到使项目发挥作用的实践存在许多挑战。我们想做的是(A)了解我们应该如何利用“公民科学”来应对这些挑战,并建立对环境危害的复原力(B)创建和培育一个国际跨学科的实践社区,为未来的项目做出贡献(B)。 我们将涉及解决以下目标:(1)从以前的公民科学计划和现有的举措中吸取教训并综合知识;(2)了解这些类型的项目成功的障碍是什么,并试图打破它们。我们认为这意味着我们必须以新的方式拓宽对公民科学技术的思考。我们将结合人文学科的方法和技术,并包括国际发展理论和最佳实践的重要经验教训。我们将尝试解决“自下而上”或社区驱动的做法和“自上而下”或技术官僚的方法来收集数据之间的紧张关系。 我们还将通过使用基于案例研究的方法来实现这些目标和目的,以确定我们对如何最好地为面临环境危害风险的公民服务的想法。公民是这个项目的核心,因此我们将利用与三个对比鲜明的研究地点(厄瓜多尔,加勒比英语区和尼泊尔)的社区对话,为我们对国家所遇到的挑战进行综合和批判性分析提供信息。为了实现这些目标,我们聚集了一群来自所有相关领域的研究人员,并将利用我们的研究创建一个新的实践社区。每个研究人员将作为他们专业的“冠军”,迅速召集一批专家参加初步研讨会,我们将利用那里的讨论来综合相关举措和现有证据。这一综合报告将用于批判性地反思阻碍成功的障碍。在此期间,我们将解决以社区为重点的参与式发展方法及其赋权和参与与由科学家对知识和数据的需求驱动的更传统的科学方法之间的紧张关系。我们还将努力了解叙事和叙事分析对“公民科学”倡议的总体目标的贡献,以及它们如何有助于平衡项目内的关系。我们将分析什么可能有助于项目在未来成功地使用公民科学,使社区能够应对自然灾害。我们还将增加每个人对这一领域的了解。我们将与我们工作的社区分享这一分析,并设计了我们的案例研究,供已经实施的举措使用,以提高这些地区的社区复原力。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(6)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Satellite-based emergency mapping using optical imagery: experience and reflections from the 2015 Nepal earthquakes
- DOI:10.5194/nhess-18-185-2018
- 发表时间:2018-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.6
- 作者:Jack G. Williams;N. Rosser;M. Kincey;J. Benjamin;K. Oven;A. Densmore;D. Milledge;T. Robinson
- 通讯作者:Jack G. Williams;N. Rosser;M. Kincey;J. Benjamin;K. Oven;A. Densmore;D. Milledge;T. Robinson
The 1902-3 eruptions of the Soufrière, St Vincent: Impacts, relief and response
1902 年 3 月圣文森特苏弗里耶尔火山喷发:影响、救济和响应
- DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.03.005
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:Pyle D
- 通讯作者:Pyle D
Working with communities on disaster risk research: Reflections from cross-disciplinary practice
与社区合作开展灾害风险研究:跨学科实践的反思
- DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102815
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5
- 作者:Few R
- 通讯作者:Few R
Global Mapping of Citizen Science Projects for Disaster Risk Reduction
减少灾害风险公民科学项目的全球绘图
- DOI:10.3389/feart.2019.00226
- 发表时间:2019
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:Hicks A
- 通讯作者:Hicks A
Satellite-based emergency mapping: Landslides triggered by the 2015 Nepal earthquake
基于卫星的应急测绘:2015 年尼泊尔地震引发的山体滑坡
- DOI:10.5194/nhess-2017-273
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Williams J
- 通讯作者:Williams J
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Jennifer Barclay其他文献
Small Variations in Contouring Organs at Risk for Cervix HDR Brachytherapy Result in Significant Impact on GEC-ESTRO 2cc Doses
- DOI:
10.1016/j.brachy.2014.02.386 - 发表时间:
2014-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Jennifer Barclay;Arnold Pompoš;Xuejun Gu;Kevin Albuquerque - 通讯作者:
Kevin Albuquerque
Masking Enhances Accuracy of Bladder Deformation in Multifraction Adaptive Brachytherapy as a First Step toward Composite Dose Estimation
- DOI:
10.1016/j.brachy.2014.02.375 - 发表时间:
2014-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Jennifer Barclay;Arnold Pompoš;Xuejun Gu;Kevin Albuquerque - 通讯作者:
Kevin Albuquerque
A Ready Reference for Estimating Dose to Pelvic Node Metastases from High-dose-rate Brachytherapy in Cervical Cancer
- DOI:
10.1016/j.brachy.2014.02.309 - 发表时间:
2014-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Matthew R. McKeever;Lindsay Hwang;Jennifer Barclay;Jeffrey Dubas;Yin Xi;April Bailey;Kevin Albuquerque - 通讯作者:
Kevin Albuquerque
Jennifer Barclay的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Jennifer Barclay', 18)}}的其他基金
Curating crises: the past as a key to improving the stewardship of hazard knowledges for the future
应对危机:过去是改善未来危险知识管理的关键
- 批准号:
AH/W00898X/1 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Risk at the Margins (RAM): a blueprint for defragmenting disaster risk reduction with populations at risk
边缘风险 (RAM):针对面临风险的人群进行减少灾害风险的蓝图
- 批准号:
EP/T024747/1 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
'Disaster passed'. Resilient Caribbean futures via shared knowledge of recent disasters.
“灾难过去了”。
- 批准号:
AH/S00579X/1 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Crossing Borders and Costing Livelihoods; The Unbearable Heaviness of Volcanic Ash.
跨越国界和牺牲生计;
- 批准号:
NE/M017621/1 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Strengthening Resilience in Volcanic Areas (STREVA)
加强火山地区的恢复能力 (STREVA)
- 批准号:
NE/J020052/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Applying petrological research to volcanic risk assessment
将岩石学研究应用于火山风险评估
- 批准号:
NE/I008543/1 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Rapid response survey of the 20th May 2006 Montserrat lahar deposits: a snapshot of lahar system dynamics and associated hazard
2006 年 5 月 20 日蒙特塞拉特火山泥浆沉积物的快速响应调查:火山泥浆系统动态和相关危害的快照
- 批准号:
NE/E002900/1 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 20.27万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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