Addressing Challenges of Coastal Communities through Ocean Research for Developing Economies (ACCORD).

通过发展中经济体的海洋研究应对沿海社区的挑战（雅阁）：东南亚和西印度洋（雅阁的区域中心）的沿海和海洋环境丰富多样，拥有高水平的生物多样性和生产力。这些区域也有含水合物的海底沉积物和海底矿物资源。沿海生态系统及其提供的服务正受到人类活动增长的威胁，包括人口规模（全球有20亿人居住在海岸100公里范围内）和全球市场的需求，经济增长的愿望以及全球气候变化的直接影响。这既影响到生物资源对压力的复原力，也影响到我们从中获得的生态系统服务。许多沿海社区的生计和福利依赖于附近的沿海和海洋资源，但当这些服务因过度开发或气候变化的不利影响而恶化时，却缺乏替代品。与此同时，沿海发展中国家正期待海洋通过资源开发（如矿产开采）和生计多样化（如旅游业、水产养殖和蓝碳倡议）为可持续经济增长提供机会，并支持粮食安全（如渔业和水产养殖）。对发展中沿海国家来说，海洋也是通过生产清洁、可再生和非常规能源和资源开发实现经济多样化的机会，但这些机会需要与保护生境和维护国家资源总价值的需要谨慎平衡。蓝色经济的概念通过有效的海洋规划，将海洋经济活动与养护和可持续利用结合起来。我们确定了两个首要的发展挑战：a）伙伴国家蓝色经济的可持续增长和应变能力，以及B）抵御自然灾害的能力，包括基于影响的、不受气候影响的沿海洪水预警系统。我们的目标是提供高质量的科学成果，以改善现有的环境信息，以支持发展援助委员会（DAC）官方发展援助（ODA）受援国名单上的沿海国家的这些挑战。确定和保护重要的生境，使其免遭过度开发和退化，是可持续蓝色经济所需的海洋综合管理的基石。雅阁将首先通过了解决定海洋生态系统对全球和地方引起的环境变化的潜在敏感性或恢复力的机制和过程来实现这一目标。其次，我们将利用这种理解来确定生态系统变化的环境和社会后果，为风险评估、适应性空间管理和缓解战略提供信息。我们的做法将提高伙伴国家综合和可持续管理海洋活动的能力。这一能力将帮助伙伴国家建立一个有弹性的海洋和沿海社会生态系统，并支持其不断发展的蓝色经济。

Addressing Challenges of Coastal Communities through Ocean Research for Developing Economies (ACCORD).The coastal and marine environments of South East Asia and the Western Indian Ocean (the regional foci of ACCORD) are rich and diverse, possessing high levels of biodiversity and productivity. These regions also have hydrate-bearing seafloor sediments and seafloor mineral resources. Coastal ecosystems and the services they provide are under threat from growth in human activities, including the demands of increasing population size (globally, 2 billion people live within 100km of the coast) and global markets, the desire for economic growth, and the less direct impact of global climate change. This affects both the resilience of living resources to pressures and the ecosystem services we derive from them. Many coastal communities depend on nearby coastal and marine resources for their livelihoods and welfare yet lack alternatives when these services deteriorate due to over-exploitation or adverse effects of climate change. A the same time coastal developing nations are looking to the ocean to provide opportunities for sustainable economic growth through resource exploitation (e.g. mineral extraction) and livelihood diversification (e.g. tourism, aquaculture, and blue carbon initiatives) and to support food security (e.g. fisheries and aquaculture). For developing coastal nations the ocean is also an opportunity for diversification of their economies through the production of clean, renewable and unconventional energy and resource exploitation, yet these opportunities need to be balanced carefully against the need to protect habitats and preserve the total value of national resources. The concept of Blue Economy integrates ocean-based economic activities with conservation and sustainable use through effective marine planning. We identify two overarching development challenges: a) Sustainable growth of, and resilience to change for, the blue economies of partner countries and b) Resilience to natural hazards including impact-based, climate-proof coastal flood warning systems. Our aim is to deliver high quality science outcomes required to improve the environmental information available to support these challenges in coastal states on the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list of Official Development Aid (ODA) recipients. Identifying and protecting critical habitats from overexploitation, and degradation is the cornerstone of the integrated ocean management required for sustainable blue economies. ACCORD will achieve this firstly by understanding the mechanisms and processes that determine the potential sensitivity or resilience of marine ecosystems to both globally and locally induced environmental change. Secondly, we will use this understanding to determine the environmental and societal consequences of ecosystem change to inform risk assessment, adaptive spatial management and mitigation strategies. Our approach will provide partner countries with an improved capability for integrated and sustainable management of marine activities. This capability will help partner countries to build a resilient marine and coastal socio-ecological system, and support their growing Blue Economies.