Discovery of a novel immune evasion strategy employed by mosquito borne viruses to suppress antiviral immune responses

发现蚊媒病毒采用新型免疫逃避策略来抑制抗病毒免疫反应

• 批准号: nhmrc : 399700
• 负责人: Prof Andreas Suhrbier
• 金额: $ 27.92万
• 依托单位: University of Canberra
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/discovery-novel-immune-immune-responses/94880
• 关键词: Discovery; novel; immune; evasion; strategy

The transition from mosquitoes, ticks, or other invertebrate vectors to the human hosts represents a crucial step in the successful establishment of arthropod borne viruses (arboviruses). The incidence of arbovirus infections such as dengue virus, West Nile virus, Ross River virus is increasing at an alarming rate in various parts of the world. In addition, the emergence of new viruses resulting in significant mortality in the population is of utmost concern. Vaccines for many of these viruses remain elusive. One factor that contributes to this is the ability of viruses to develop ingenious strategies to avoid or suppress the host defence systems, which enable its successful establishment in the host. Understanding how viruses evade-suppress host defence machinery will certainly enhance and improve our approaches to fight them. For the first time internationally we have discovered a new and novel pathway employed by arboviruses to suppress antiviral immune responses in the host. We have discovered that naturally occurring carbohydrates on viruses derived from mosquito cells, would influence these virus s ability to evade-suppress host antiviral proteins such as interferons. This may be a general effect of arboviruses or may even extend to other viruses , which include a number of deadly pathogens (HIV, Influenza). This research has the potential to significantly expand our understanding of how these viruses establish infection and cause disease. Also this discovery has broader implications for understanding inflammatory processes and their regulation.

从蚊子、蜱虫或其他无脊椎动物媒介向人类宿主的转变是成功确立节肢动物传播的病毒（虫媒病毒）的关键一步。在世界各地，登革热病毒、西尼罗河病毒、罗斯河病毒等虫媒病毒感染的发病率正在以惊人的速度增加。此外，新病毒的出现导致人口大量死亡，这是最令人关切的问题。针对其中许多病毒的疫苗仍然难以捉摸。造成这种情况的一个因素是病毒能够发展出巧妙的策略来避免或抑制宿主的防御系统，这使得它能够在宿主中成功建立。了解病毒如何逃避-抑制宿主防御机制肯定会增强和改进我们对抗它们的方法。我们在国际上首次发现了虫媒病毒抑制宿主抗病毒免疫反应的新途径。我们已经发现，来自蚊子细胞的病毒上天然存在的碳水化合物会影响这些病毒逃避抑制宿主抗病毒蛋白（如干扰素）的能力。这可能是虫媒病毒的普遍效应，甚至可能扩展到其他病毒，包括一些致命的病原体（艾滋病毒、流感病毒）。这项研究有可能大大扩展我们对这些病毒如何建立感染和引起疾病的理解。此外，这一发现对理解炎症过程及其调控具有更广泛的意义。