ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC BIOREMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

减少污染环境中含氯有机物的危害 地下水已经由我们的多学科教职员工团队和 工程学、微生物学和环境健康专业的学生 发展基于反应器的生物修复方法和独特的厌氧和 共代谢有氧富集物。退化的速度和程度 重要的氯化脂肪族和氯化芳香族毒物有 进行了研究，帮助开发了一系列实用的厌氧和 好氧生物降解工艺的应用。共代谢变换 甲烷氧化菌、苯酚、甲苯和 丙烷氧化剂已经为这些社区开发了比较的比率 了解代谢物的毒性和竞争性抑制效应。 已经对厌氧和好氧过程进行了研究，并伴随着 使用细菌检验法进行残留毒性测定。 地上反应堆在处理污染物质方面的局限性 由非水相液体(NAPL)产生的地下水已经成为 越来越明显。抽水除磷效率较低 冲洗方法可能需要数十年才能进行现场修复。因此 提案中的研究重点已转向理解 NAPLS附近就地生物降解的生物刺激作用一个 我们的团队增加了水文地质学家，以帮助设计和使用 含水层微观世界的研究结果。分子方法和近... 需要进行微尺度分析来了解生物刺激过程 这可能会显著增强NAPLS的溶解和转运。 微生物学研究的重点正在转向开发和利用 具有博士后职位的分子探测器，以协助这项工作。 该项目的总体目标是继续研究厌氧 以及能够生物修复的好氧微生物富集物 氯化有机化合物及其近期生物刺激性研究 NAPLS附近。将对浓缩的培养物和分离物进行研究以 研究微生物学特性和工程应用。 现场研究需要开发含水层微观宇宙来模拟 NAPLS附近的地下生物修复及其尖端技术的发展 用于取样和了解化学和微生物的工具 对工程变量的响应。生物动力学、浓缩 开发，含水层微观测试将在房间内进行 温度，比我们以前的工作更接近地下水条件。 微生物活动的动力学模型将继续，但更大的 模拟活动将侧重于t的传输和生物降解。 具有生物刺激和地下水流动的多孔介质。建模将会 被用来设计微观研究，然后解释和模拟他们的 结果并将结果外推到现场尺度 生物修复。这项工作将提供强大的、持续的合作 在工程学、微生物学和健康专业的教师和学生中 科学。

The reduction of hazards from chlorinated organics in contaminated groundwater has been studied by our multidisciplinary team of faculty and students from engineering, microbiology and environmental health by developing reactor-based bioremediation methods and unique anaerobic and cometabolic aerobic enrichments. Rates and extent of degradation of important chlorinated aliphatic and chlorinated aromatic toxicants have been investigated, helping to develop a practical range of anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation process applications. Cometabolic transformations of chlorinated aliphatic compounds by methanotrophs, phenol, toluene, and propane oxidizers has developed comparative rates for these communities and an understanding of metabolite toxicity and competitive inhibition effects. Anaerobic and aerobic processes have been investigated, accompanied by residual toxicity measurements using bacterial assays. The limitations of above ground reactors for treating contaminated groundwater resulting from non aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) have become increasingly apparent. The low NAPL removal efficiency of pumping and flushing methods may require decades for site remediation. Consequently the research emphasis in the proposal has shifted to understanding biostimulation of in situ biodegradation in the near vicinity of NAPLs. A hydrogeologist is added to our team to assist in designing and using results of studies with aquifer microcosms. Molecular methods and near- microscale analyses are needed to understand the biostimulation processes that may significantly enhance dissolution and transport from NAPLs. Emphasis is being shifted in microbiological studies to development and use of molecular probes with a post-doctoral position to assist in this work. The broad objectives of the project are to continue to study the anaerobic and aerobic microbial enrichments that are capable of bioremediation of chlorinated organic compounds and to study their biostimulation in the near vicinity of NAPLs. Enriched cultures and isolates will be studied to investigate microbiological characteristics and engineering applications. The in situ studies require development of aquifer microcosms to simulate subsurface bioremediation near NAPLs and the development of sophisticated tools for sampling and understanding the chemical and microbiological responses to engineering variables. Biological kinetics, enrichment development, and aquifer microcosm testing will be done at room temperatures, closer to groundwater conditions than in our previous work. Kinetic modeling of microbial activity will continue, but a greater modeling activity will focus on the t transport and biodegradation in porous media with biostimulation and groundwater flow. The modeling will be used to design microcosm studies, then interpreting and simulating their results and extrapolating the results to field scale in situ bioremediation. This work will provide strong, continuing collaboration among faculty and students in engineering, microbiology and health sciences.