BIOREMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENT COMPOUNDS

美国各地的许多超级基金场所都被致癌和疑似致癌的有害化合物污染。对许多社区来说，这些地点威胁到现有或潜在的饮用水和地表水来源。消除和控制与含水层有关的这些危害的一项技术是就地生物修复。我们提出了一个项目，解决在危险废物场所氯化脂肪族污染物的生物修复。这项研究是我们多名研究人员目前工作的延伸，将调查理解和应用生物修复污染含水层的关键问题。对氯乙烯的还原性脱氯以及氯化程度较低的乙烯的厌氧和好氧氧化的基本微生物过程还没有充分了解，无法准确预测这些过程在氯化乙烯中的程度和速率。对这些过程在特定地点的程度和速率还没有充分了解。我们建议进行研究，以了解各种生物修复活动何时发生，并找到测量其存在和速率的方法。我们将研究过氯乙烯（PCE），三氯乙烯（TCE）的厌氧还原转化以及TCE，顺式-1,2-二氯乙烯（cDCE）和氯乙烯（VC）的厌氧和厌氧氧化。这些研究包括应用分子技术来描述富营养化和含水层微生物群落的特征，还包括实验室研究，以发展对微生物过程、它们的速率和它们可能的生物刺激的基本了解。生物修复的预测需要进一步发展建模工具，结合生物降解机制和速率的实验结果，以便预测自然衰减。在污染地点进行生物刺激。我们的工作将使用一个受污染的场地作为我们实验室实验中使用的材料的来源，并作为我们的方法和模型的开发和测试的场地。

Numerous Superfund sites around the United States are contaminated with carcinogenic and suspected carcinogenic hazardous compounds. For many communities these sites threaten existing or potential sources of drinking water and surface waters. One technology for removing and controlling these hazards associated with aquifers is in situ bioremediation. We propose a project addressing a bioremediation of chlorinated aliphatic contaminants at hazardous waste sites. The study, an extension of present work by our multi-investigator team, will investigate key issues in understanding and applying bioremediation in contaminated aquifers, Basic microbial processes of reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes and anaerobic and aerobic oxidation of less chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at specific sites. We propose studies to understand when the various bioremediation activities can occur and to find methods to measure their presence and rates. We will examine the anaerobic reductive transformations of perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and the anaerobic and anaerobic oxidation of TCE, cis-1,2- dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). The studies include applications of molecular techniques for characterization of enrichments and of aquifer microbial communities, and they include laboratory studies to develop basic understanding of the microbial processes, their rates and their possible biostimulation. Prediction of bioremediation needs further development of modeling tools, incorporating experimental results on biodegradation mechanisms and rates, in order to predict natural attenuation. and biostimulation at contaminated sites. Our effort will be conducted using a contaminated field site as the source of material used in our laboratory experiments and as the site for the development and testing of our methods and models.