BIOREMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENT COMPOUNDS

美国各地的许多超级基金网站都被致癌和疑似致癌的危险化合物污染。对许多社区来说，这些地点威胁到现有或潜在的饮用水和地表水来源。消除和控制这些与含水层有关的危害的一种技术是就地生物修复。我们提出了一个项目，解决危险废物场所氯化脂肪族污染物的生物修复问题。这项研究是我们多名调查员团队目前工作的延伸，将调查在受污染的含水层中了解和应用生物修复的关键问题，对氯乙烯还原脱氯和较少氯化乙烯的厌氧和好氧氧化的基本微生物过程没有足够的了解，以准确预测这些过程在氯化乙烯中的程度和速度没有充分的了解，以准确地预测这些过程在特定地点的程度和速度。我们建议进行研究，以了解各种生物修复活动何时可以发生，并找到方法来衡量它们的存在和比率。我们将研究四氯乙烯(PCE)、三氯乙烯(TCE)的厌氧还原转化，以及TCE、顺式-1，2-二氯乙烯(CDCE)和氯乙烯(VC)的厌氧和厌氧氧化。这些研究包括应用分子技术来确定富集物和含水层微生物群落的特征，并包括实验室研究，以发展对微生物过程、其速率及其可能的生物刺激作用的基本了解。生物修复的预测需要进一步开发建模工具，结合关于生物降解机制和速率的实验结果，以预测自然衰减。以及受污染地点的生物刺激作用。我们的努力将使用一个受污染的现场作为我们实验室实验中使用的材料的来源，并作为开发和测试我们的方法和模型的地点。

Numerous Superfund sites around the United States are contaminated with carcinogenic and suspected carcinogenic hazardous compounds. For many communities these sites threaten existing or potential sources of drinking water and surface waters. One technology for removing and controlling these hazards associated with aquifers is in situ bioremediation. We propose a project addressing a bioremediation of chlorinated aliphatic contaminants at hazardous waste sites. The study, an extension of present work by our multi-investigator team, will investigate key issues in understanding and applying bioremediation in contaminated aquifers, Basic microbial processes of reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes and anaerobic and aerobic oxidation of less chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at specific sites. We propose studies to understand when the various bioremediation activities can occur and to find methods to measure their presence and rates. We will examine the anaerobic reductive transformations of perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and the anaerobic and anaerobic oxidation of TCE, cis-1,2- dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). The studies include applications of molecular techniques for characterization of enrichments and of aquifer microbial communities, and they include laboratory studies to develop basic understanding of the microbial processes, their rates and their possible biostimulation. Prediction of bioremediation needs further development of modeling tools, incorporating experimental results on biodegradation mechanisms and rates, in order to predict natural attenuation. and biostimulation at contaminated sites. Our effort will be conducted using a contaminated field site as the source of material used in our laboratory experiments and as the site for the development and testing of our methods and models.