BIOREMEDIATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENT COMPOUNDS

氯化溶剂化合物的生物修复

• 批准号: 6666381
• 负责人: JOHN FERGUSON
• 金额: $ 22.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6666381
• 关键词: Desulfovibrio; Mycobacterium; analytical chemistry; bioreactors; biotransformation; chlorohydrocarbon; choline; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; ethane; ethylenes; ground water; halogenation; hazardous substances; industrial waste; microorganism culture; polymerase chain reaction; solvents; trichloroethylene; vinyledene chloride; water microbiology; water pollution; water pollution control

Numerous Superfund sites around the United States are contaminated with carcinogenic and suspected carcinogenic hazardous compounds. For many communities these sites threaten existing or potential sources of drinking water and surface waters. One technology for removing and controlling these hazards associated with aquifers is in situ bioremediation. We propose a project addressing a bioremediation of chlorinated aliphatic contaminants at hazardous waste sites. The study, an extension of present work by our multi-investigator team, will investigate key issues in understanding and applying bioremediation in contaminated aquifers, Basic microbial processes of reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes and anaerobic and aerobic oxidation of less chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at chlorinated ethenes are not understood sufficiently to accurately predict the extent and rate of these processes at specific sites. We propose studies to understand when the various bioremediation activities can occur and to find methods to measure their presence and rates. We will examine the anaerobic reductive transformations of perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and the anaerobic and anaerobic oxidation of TCE, cis-1,2- dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). The studies include applications of molecular techniques for characterization of enrichments and of aquifer microbial communities, and they include laboratory studies to develop basic understanding of the microbial processes, their rates and their possible biostimulation. Prediction of bioremediation needs further development of modeling tools, incorporating experimental results on biodegradation mechanisms and rates, in order to predict natural attenuation. and biostimulation at contaminated sites. Our effort will be conducted using a contaminated field site as the source of material used in our laboratory experiments and as the site for the development and testing of our methods and models.

美国各地的许多超级基金场所都受到致癌和疑似致癌危险化合物的污染。对许多社区来说，这些地点威胁到现有或潜在的饮用水和地表沃茨来源。消除和控制这些与含水层有关的危害的一种技术是就地生物补救。我们提出了一个项目，解决生物修复的氯化脂肪族污染物在危险废物的网站。这项研究是我们的多名研究人员团队目前工作的延伸，将调查理解和应用受污染含水层生物修复的关键问题，氯乙烯的还原脱氯和低氯化乙烯的厌氧和好氧氧化的基本微生物过程尚未得到充分理解，无法准确预测这些过程在氯化乙烯中的程度和速率。这些过程在特定地点的程度和速度。我们提出的研究，以了解各种生物修复活动时，可以发生，并找到方法来测量它们的存在和速率。我们将研究四氯乙烯（PCE），三氯乙烯（TCE）的厌氧还原转化和TCE，顺式-1，2-二氯乙烯（cDCE）和氯乙烯（VC）的厌氧和厌氧氧化。这些研究包括应用分子技术对富集和含水层微生物群落进行定性，还包括进行实验室研究，以基本了解微生物过程、其速率及其可能的生物刺激作用。生物修复的预测需要进一步开发建模工具，结合生物降解机制和速率的实验结果，以预测自然衰减。以及在受污染场地进行生物刺激。我们的工作将使用受污染的现场作为我们实验室实验中使用的材料来源，并作为我们的方法和模型的开发和测试场所。