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'Fracking', Framing and Effective Participation

“水力压裂”、框架和有效参与

基本信息

批准号：
NE/R018138/1
负责人：
Benjamin Sovacool
金额：
$ 64.66万
依托单位：
University of Sussex
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR018138%2F1
关键词：
Fracking Framing Effective Participation

项目摘要

Hydraulic fracturing ('fracking') is a technology that allows the extraction of unconventional fossil fuel resources (oil and gas). The technology has been widely used in North America over the last decade but is in a much earlier stage of development in the UK. Government policy in the UK is actively encouraging the deployment of this technology and test drilling has taken place at several sites in the UK. There has been significant policy and public controversy around the use of the technology: it is simultaneously viewed by some actors as a novel and risky technology with the potential to adversely affect public health and the environment, but by others as rather more mundane and manageable. Shale gas, furthermore, is viewed by some as able to help the UK meet emissions reduction objectives but by others as hindering this task. Finally, the governance of shale gas development is also a source of conflict, with varying ideas about the ways and extent to which publics and local communities should have a say in policy and decision-making. This contested nature of shale development amongst different groups and stakeholders represents a key socio-political challenge for development in the UK. We analyse this challenge as arising from distinct ways of understanding and viewing the fracking issues ('framing') amongst different kinds of actors. We aim to improve understanding of this socio-political challenge facing shale development in the UK through an investigation of the relationships between three distinct but related research areas: public perceptions of the issue, policy debates ('frames') around shale gas and fracking, and formal processes of public engagement and participation on the matter. A nationally representative survey of public perceptions, as well as in-depth interviewing in a local community case study (the Fylde, Lancashire), will provide a better understanding of public perceptions on fracking for shale and the actors and processes of its governance, and the public acceptability of shale development in the UK. Policy debates will be analysed to better understand the arguments ('frames') put forward by advocates, their contestation, and how these debates have shaped and continue to shape UK policy. Finally, formal processes of public engagement and participation will be examined in order to assess the extent to which they help to resolve or amplify the public acceptance challenge for shale development in the UK. We are particularly interested in the relationships between these three research areas. For example, we ask, how well do policy debates reflect public views? And can the public influence decision making? Research findings will be of interest to policy makers, industry actors, regulators, environmental groups, and members of the public with an interest in the issue of fracking and shale gas development specifically, but also the issues of climate change, democracy and social controversies over technology more broadly. The primary benefit of the research will be to provide both a better understanding of the scale and nature of the social and political challenges facing shale gas development in UK, and a better understanding of the potential of public participation and engagement to help address these challenges.

水力压裂（“压裂”）是一种允许开采非常规化石燃料资源（石油和天然气）的技术。该技术在过去十年中已在北美广泛使用，但在英国处于发展的早期阶段。英国的政府政策正在积极鼓励部署这项技术，并在英国的几个地点进行了测试钻井。关于使用这一技术的政策和公众争议很大：一些行为者同时认为这是一种新的、有风险的技术，有可能对公众健康和环境产生不利影响，但另一些行为者则认为这一技术比较平凡和易于管理。此外，一些人认为页岩气能够帮助英国实现减排目标，但另一些人认为页岩气阻碍了这一任务。最后，页岩气开发的治理也是冲突的一个来源，公众和地方社区在政策和决策中应有发言权的方式和程度存在不同的想法。页岩开发在不同群体和利益相关者之间的这种有争议的性质代表了英国发展的关键社会政治挑战。我们分析这一挑战所产生的不同方式的理解和观看压裂问题（“框架”）之间的不同类型的演员。我们的目标是通过调查三个不同但相关的研究领域之间的关系来提高对英国页岩开发所面临的社会政治挑战的理解：公众对这个问题的看法，围绕页岩气和水力压裂的政策辩论（“框架”），以及公众参与和参与的正式过程。一项具有全国代表性的公众看法调查，以及在当地社区案例研究（Fylde，兰开夏郡）中的深入访谈，将更好地了解公众对页岩压裂的看法及其治理的参与者和过程，以及英国页岩开发的公众可接受性。政策辩论将进行分析，以更好地了解由倡导者提出的论点（“框架”），他们的立场，以及这些辩论如何塑造和继续塑造英国的政策。最后，将审查公众参与和参与的正式流程，以评估它们在多大程度上有助于解决或扩大英国页岩开发的公众接受挑战。我们对这三个研究领域之间的关系特别感兴趣。例如，我们会问，政策辩论在多大程度上反映了公众的观点？公众能影响决策吗？研究结果将引起政策制定者，行业参与者，监管机构，环保组织和公众的兴趣，特别是对水力压裂和页岩气开发问题感兴趣，而且还涉及气候变化，民主和更广泛的技术社会争议问题。该研究的主要好处将是更好地了解英国页岩气开发所面临的社会和政治挑战的规模和性质，以及更好地了解公众参与和参与的潜力，以帮助解决这些挑战。