Web-Based Natural Dam-Burst Flood Hazard Assessment and ForeCasting SysTem (WeACT)

冰川湖溃决洪水（glacial lake outbreak floods，GLOFs）是冰川湖溃决洪水（glacial lake outbreak floods）的一种。一个类似于水动力学的自然灾害是由滑坡形成的河流大坝的破坏引起的。GLOF和滑坡溃坝洪水，共同称为天然溃坝洪水（NDBFs），已被公认为地球仪人口密集山区最严重的自然灾害之一。在所有南亚国家中，尼泊尔受到自然溃坝洪水的一些最高的国家级社会经济影响，威胁着成千上万的人，数百个村庄和下游的基本基础设施。因此，当务之急是发展国家能力，以提高对非破坏性森林的认识、预警和风险缓解。尽管尼泊尔政府一直在积极寻求减少和减轻NDBF风险，但全国各地仍然缺乏有效的预警和风险缓解战略。最近已在全球各地为非破坏性森林开发和实施了预警系统。然而，最新的遥感和高性能洪水建模技术的潜力尚未在现有的NDBF监测和预警系统中得到充分探索和利用，简而言之，社会迫切需要开发可靠的NDBF灾害风险评估、预测和预警工具，以改善社区一级的备灾工作和建设复原力;在利用最新的监测和建模技术来支持实际的NDBF风险缓解应用方面存在明显的研究差距。为了满足社会需求并填补目前的研究空白，WeACT的总体目标是利用EO和高性能溃坝洪水建模的最新进展，创新基于网络的NDBF灾害评估和预测系统，以改善尼泊尔社区的洪水准备和恢复力。虽然拟议项目在尼泊尔（3 400平方公里的Sun科西集水区）有一个重点案例研究，但所制定的方法和工具将可推广到南亚其他山区国家或地球仪上受非破坏性森林影响的国家。

Catastrophic floods resulting from the failure of dams that impound glacier lakes are known as glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). A hydrodynamically similar natural hazard is caused by the failure of a river dam that has been formed by a landslide. GLOFs and landslide dam-burst floods, jointly termed natural dam-burst floods (NDBFs), have been recognised as one of the most serious natural hazards in populated mountainous regions across the globe. Of all South Asia countries, Nepal is subject to some of the highest national-level socio-economic impacts from natural dam-burst floods (NDBFs), threatening thousands of people, hundreds of villages and basic infrastructure downstream. Therefore, it is imperative that a national capacity is developed for increasing awareness, early warning, and risk mitigation for NDBFs. Although the Nepalese Government has been actively seeking to reduce and mitigate the NDBF risks, effective early warning and risk mitigation strategies are still lacking across the country. Early warning systems have recently been developed and implemented in various global locations for NDBFs. However, the potential of the latest remote sensing and high-performance flood modelling technologies has yet to be adequately explored and exploited in the existing NDBF monitoring and early warning systems.In short, there is an urgent societal need to develop reliable NDBF hazard risk assessment, forecasting and warning tools to improve preparedness and build resilience at the community level; and there is a clear research gap in exploiting the latest monitoring and modelling technologies to support practical NDBF risk mitigation applications. To meet the societal need and fill the current research gap, the overarching aim of WeACT is to exploit recent contemporary advances in EO and high-performance dam-break flood modelling to innovate a web-based NDBF hazard assessment and forecasting system to improve community flood preparedness and resilience in Nepal. Although the proposed project has a focus case study in Nepal (the 3,400 km2 Sun Kosi catchment), the developed methods and tools will be transferable to other mountainous countries in South Asia or cross the globe that are suffering from NDBFs.