THE EFFECTS OF ENDURANCE AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

耐力和抗阻训练对心血管风险的影响

• 批准号: 6115960
• 负责人: ERIC T. POEHLMAN
• 金额: $ 3.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-01 至 1999-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6115960
• 关键词: aerobic exercise; body composition; cardiovascular disorder prevention; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; exercise; female; human subject; military personnel

Although physical activity is routinely prescribed for military-eligible women, a systematic examination of the effects of different modes of training on women's physiology and work performance has not been undertaken. Specifically, the decline in physical activity and loss of fat-free mass are significant predictors of decreased function and increased cardiovascular risk in military-eligible women. Thus, exercise interventions specifically designed to offset these deleterious changes in work performance, body composition and physical activity are important considerations. All military women initially experience the physical challenges of basic training and once through this experience, the new soldier experiences additional physical challenges that are directly influenced by other military-related activities including, deployment, natural aging, etc. Moreover, given the increased number of career military women retained in the services, strategies to achieve and maintain optimal fitness are of high priority. The overall hypothesis is that the decline in physical activity habits and resultant increase in body fat reduce exercise capacity and muscle mass in military women. These lifestyle changes worsen metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, continued involvement in resistance and endurance exercise programs which increases or preserves fat-free mass will prevent functional declines in military-eligible women. Although exercise is frequently recommended to enhance overall fitness, it is unclear as to whether endurance or resistance exercise is more effective in attenuating functional and cardiovascular declines in women. We will systematically compare the effects of endurance and resistance exercise on physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, and fat metabolism in military eligible women. The results of this study will lay the groundwork for appropriate exercise prescriptions to reduce cardiovascular and metabolic risk and enhance physical function in military-eligible women. To date we have screened via telephone over 300 women for the study. From those, 97 volunteers met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were invited for the screening visit at the Clinical Research Center (CRC). To date, 71 women were invited for the first overnight visit at the CRC. Starting in February 1997, volunteers began exercising at the Racquets Edge Health and Fitness Club using the exercise prescription described previously. To date, we have introduced 25 volunteers into the endurance training group, 27 to the resistance training group, and 19 to the control group. So far, 12 members of the endurance-training group, 11 of the resistance-training group, and 18 from the control group have completed the intervention period and undergone the second overnight visit. In the future, we will continue to screen interested women. Those who meet the inclusion criteria will be invited for the baseline testing. Furthermore, we have currently 10 women in different stages of the intervention period and hope to post-test them during the first half of 1999.

尽管通常针对符合军事资格的妇女规定体育锻炼，但尚未进行对不同培训模式对妇女生理和工作表现的影响的系统检查。 具体而言，体育活动的下降和无脂肪质量的损失是军事符合条件妇女的功能下降和心血管风险增加的重要预测指标。 因此，专门设计的锻炼干预措施可以抵消工作表现，身体组成和体育锻炼的这些有害变化是重要的考虑因素。 所有军事妇女最初都会面临基础训练的身体挑战，一旦通过这种经验，新士兵就会经历其他与其他与军事有关的活动直接影响的身体挑战，包括，部署，自然老龄化等。鉴于在服务中保留的职业军事妇女的数量增加，以实现和维持最佳适应性的策略越来越高。总体假设是，体育活动习惯的下降以及体内脂肪的增加减少了军事妇女的运动能力和肌肉质量。 这些生活方式的变化恶化了代谢和心血管危险因素。 因此，持续参与抵抗和耐力运动计划，以增加或保留无脂肪的质量将阻止符合军事资格的妇女的功能下降。尽管通常建议进行运动以提高整体适应性，但尚不清楚耐力或抵抗运动在衰减女性的功能和心血管下降方面是否更有效。 我们将系统地比较耐力和抵抗运动对军事符合条件的妇女的体育锻炼，心血管健康和脂肪代谢的影响。 这项研究的结果将为适当的运动处方奠定基础，以减少心血管和代谢风险并增强军事资格妇女的身体机能。迄今为止，我们已经通过电话筛选了300多名女性进行研究。 从中，有97名志愿者符合纳入和排除标准，并被邀请在临床研究中心（CRC）进行筛查。 迄今为止，有71名妇女被邀请在CRC进行第一次过夜。 从1997年2月开始，志愿者开始使用前面描述的练习处方在球拍边缘健康和健身俱乐部进行运动。 迄今为止，我们已将25名志愿者介绍给耐力训练组，27个志愿者向对照组介绍了抵抗训练组，19个志愿者向对照组介绍了19个志愿者。 迄今为止，耐力训练小组的12名成员，抵抗训练组的11名和对照组的18名成员已经完成了干预期，并进行了第二次过夜访问。将来，我们将继续筛查感兴趣的女性。 符合纳入标准的人将被邀请进行基线测试。此外，我们目前在干预期的不同阶段有10名女性，并希望在1999年上半年进行测试。