ABUSE LIABILITY OF BENZODIAZEPINES AND CAFFEINE

苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因的滥用责任

• 批准号: 2484588
• 负责人: Roland R Griffiths
• 金额: $ 25.67万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1975
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1975-02-01 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2484588
• 关键词: alprazolam; baboons; behavior test; benzodiazepines; caffeine; cocaine; drug abuse; drug addiction; drug interactions; drug withdrawal; intravenous administration; intravenous drug abuse; midazolam; nicotine; psychopharmacology; reinforcer; self medication

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Research in baboons is proposed to characterize the intravenous reinforcing and physical dependence-producing effects of benzodiazepines and also to examine caffeine reinforcement interactions with cocaine and nicotine. Two self-injection studies will determine whether physical dependence enhances the reinforcing effects of a benzodiazepine. A series of three studies will address concerns that the abuse liability of benzodiazepines is enhanced by interactions with opioids by determining whether chronic opioid exposure increases benzodiazepine self-injection and whether the discriminative stimulus effects of benzodiazepines and opioids mutually potentiate each other. One study will determine whether the abuse liability of sedative drugs can be reduced by slowing the rate of drug onset. A final self-injection study will explore the concern that flunitrazepam has a particularly high abuse liability. A second series of studies will examine benzodiazepine physical dependence. Studies will examine precipitated withdrawal effects produced by a series of novel partial/selective benzodiazepine receptor agonists in benzodiazepine-dependent baboons. Another study will use drug discrimination methods to examine the effects of these same compounds in benzodiazepine-dependent baboons that have been trained to discriminate the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil. A third study will explore using an antagonist to decrease the severity and/or shorten the time course of the spontaneous withdrawal syndrome. Finally, two studies will explore recent findings suggesting that caffeine potentiates the reinforcing effects of cocaine and nicotine by characterizing the effects of caffeine on the self-injection of cocaine and nicotine, and the effects of cocaine and nicotine on caffeine self-injection. Benzodiazepines are among the most widely prescribed of all psychotropic medications and caffeine is the most widely used psychotropic drug in the world. There are health risk concerns about benzodiazepine abuse and physical dependence among polydrug abusers and patients, and also about excessive caffeine use in a significant portion of the population. This research will advance our understanding of factors which contribute to the overuse, abuse and dependence on these widely self-administered drugs, provide valuable insights into possible interactions of these drugs with other widely abused drugs, and will ultimately contribute to the development of improved prevention, control and treatment procedures for various forms of drug abuse.

描述：（申请人摘要） 建议对狒狒进行研究，以表征静脉强化 和产生身体依赖性的作用， 研究咖啡因强化与可卡因和尼古丁的相互作用。 两 自我注射研究将确定身体依赖性是否会增强 苯二氮卓类药物的强化作用 一系列的三项研究将 解决对苯二氮卓类药物滥用可能性增加的关切， 与阿片类药物的相互作用， 增加苯二氮卓类自我注射和是否歧视 苯二氮卓类药物和阿片类药物刺激作用相互增强 其他. 一项研究将确定镇静剂的滥用倾向是否 可以通过减慢药物起效的速度来减少药物。 最终 自我注射研究将探讨氟硝西泮具有 特别是高滥用责任。 第二个系列的研究将审查 苯二氮卓类药物身体依赖 研究将检查沉淀的 由一系列新颖的部分/选择性 苯二氮卓类药物依赖狒狒中的苯二氮卓类药物受体激动剂。 另一项研究将使用药物辨别方法来检查 在依赖苯二氮卓类药物的狒狒体内， 受过辨别苯二氮卓类拮抗剂氟马西尼的训练 第三 研究将探索使用拮抗剂降低严重程度和/或 缩短自发性戒断综合征的时间进程。 最后， 两项研究将探讨最近的发现，表明咖啡因 增强可卡因和尼古丁的强化作用， 描述咖啡因对可卡因自我注射的影响， 尼古丁，以及可卡因和尼古丁对咖啡因的影响 自我注射 苯二氮卓类药物是所有处方药中使用最广泛的 咖啡因是最广泛使用的精神药物 世界上的毒品 苯二氮卓类药物存在健康风险 多种药物滥用者和病人的滥用和身体依赖，以及 大量的咖啡因摄入 这项研究将促进我们对有助于 过度使用、滥用和依赖这些广泛自我管理的药物， 提供了有价值的见解，这些药物与 其他广泛滥用的药物，并将最终有助于发展 预防、控制和治疗各种形式的 滥用药物