South East Asia MArine Plastics (SEAmap): Reduction, Control and Mitigation of Marine Plastic Pollution in the Philippines

东南亚海洋塑料 (SEAmap)：减少、控制和缓解菲律宾海洋塑料污染

• 批准号: NE/V009427/1
• 负责人: Simon Neill
• 金额: $ 90.22万
• 依托单位: Bangor University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV009427%2F1
• 关键词: South; East; Asia; MArine; Plastics

An estimated 5 million tonnes of plastic enters SE Asian waters each year, with much of this ending up in the coastal environment. The Philippines, with a population of 110 million, relies strongly on coastal tourism for its economy, and Philippine marine plastic pollution has been attributed to the reliance on single-use plastic (SUP) for everyday household essentials. Although research to date has focused on identifying the quantity and location of plastics, such as the much publicised but potentially misleading "vast ocean garbage patches" (which are, in reality, more like plastic soups), less research has been conducted on determining transport pathways and budgets of marine plastics. In this project, we will focus on the Cebu Islands (Philippines). The challenge of reducing the impacts of marine plastics in this region is acute, and there is an urgent need for sustainable economic development. The Cebu Islands are home to the biggest marine protected area in the Philippines. Through the development of a Sources-Pathways-Receptor (SPR) modelling framework, in this project we will map the transport of marine plastic litter (MPL) from source to sink. The model will incorporate novel non-conservative terms to simulate transformation of the plastic waste as it travels through the system, incorporating, among other processes, changes due to exposure to UV light and mechanical degradation due to wave action. We will focus on the impacts of the plastic waste to mangroves - an unknown but potentially important filter in the plastic cycle. It is known that mangroves capture macroplastics (plastics larger than 5 mm) in their roots, and through the intense burrowing activities of bioturbators such as crabs can act as excellent filters and sinks for relatively large pieces of plastic. However, we will determine the role of mangroves in the microplastic (plastics less than 5 mm) cycle, since mangroves could, in fact, act to further disperse plastic as even smaller particles over longer timescales. By accurately resolving the content and type of MPL in space and time, the impact to receptors (services, industry and environment) will be accurately assessed: both physically (mortality and impact to ecosystem function) but also economically (to industries such as fisheries, aquaculture and tourism).

据估计，每年有500万吨塑料进入东南亚沃茨，其中大部分最终进入沿海环境。菲律宾拥有1.1亿人口，其经济严重依赖沿海旅游业，菲律宾海洋塑料污染被归因于对一次性塑料（一次性塑料）的依赖。尽管迄今为止的研究主要集中在确定塑料的数量和位置，例如广为宣传但可能误导的“巨大的海洋垃圾补丁”（实际上更像塑料汤），但在确定海洋塑料的运输途径和预算方面进行的研究较少。在这个项目中，我们将重点关注菲律宾的宿务群岛。减少海洋塑料对该地区的影响是一项严峻的挑战，迫切需要实现可持续的经济发展。宿务群岛是菲律宾最大的海洋保护区。通过开发一个来源-途径-受体（SPR）建模框架，在本项目中，我们将绘制海洋塑料垃圾（MPL）从源到汇的运输图。该模型将纳入新的非保守项，以模拟塑料废物在通过系统时的转化，其中包括因暴露于紫外线而产生的变化和因波浪作用而产生的机械降解。我们将重点关注塑料垃圾对红树林的影响-这是塑料循环中未知但可能重要的过滤器。众所周知，红树林在其根部捕获大型塑料（大于5毫米的塑料），通过螃蟹等生物扰动者的强烈挖洞活动，可以作为相对较大的塑料片的良好过滤器和水槽。然而，我们将确定红树林在微塑料（小于5毫米的塑料）循环中的作用，因为红树林实际上可以在更长的时间尺度上进一步分散塑料作为更小的颗粒。通过在空间和时间上准确地解析MPL的内容和类型，将准确地评估对受体（服务、工业和环境）的影响：既包括物理影响（死亡率和对生态系统功能的影响），也包括经济影响（对渔业、水产养殖业和旅游业等行业的影响）。

项目成果

Impact of mangrove forest structure and landscape on macroplastics capture.

红树林结构和景观对大塑料捕获的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115434
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Marine pollution bulletin
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Cappa P

Elucidating the surface macroplastic load, types and distribution in mangrove areas around Cebu Island, Philippines and its policy implications.

阐明菲律宾宿务岛周围红树林地区的表面宏观塑料负荷、类型和分布及其政策影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156408
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Paler MKO

Do mangroves act as a secondary source of plastic during extreme events?

在极端事件期间，红树林是否充当塑料的次要来源？

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-13936
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Reed B

Stakeholders' Perception on Mangrove Ecosystem Services and Marine Plastic Waste Management in Cebu Islands, Philippines

利益相关者对菲律宾宿雾岛红树林生态系统服务和海洋塑料废物管理的看法

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6312
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Jones G

Investigating microplastic behaviour in a well-mixed estuary

研究混合良好的河口中的微塑料行为

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-8925
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Jones N