Creative Adaptive Solutions for Treescapes of Rivers (CASTOR)

如果英国要在2050年达到17%的造林目标，就需要采取关键的干预措施。CASTOR项目既阐明了将面临的挑战，也提供了解决方案，特别关注英格兰北部的河岸景观。我们将河岸树木保护区作为重新造林的关键途径，利用了这些自然汇合点，利用了三个关键机会：1。范围：英格兰有超过24万公里的河流和溪流，这意味着恢复河岸林地的潜力为实现英国政府到2050年树木覆盖率达到17%的目标提供了一个巨大的机会，同时增加碳储存和固存，改善水质，创造栖息地和防洪。2. 恢复：虽然不是所有的河流都适合重新造林，但考虑到河岸地带退化的程度，这些栖息地为大规模的环境恢复和野生化提供了一个重要的机会。关注集水区动态和连通性为开发基于自然的解决方案提供了一个关键机会，为越来越多的社区提供了持续的洪水风险。3. 自然恢复网络：河岸带是弹性景观的关键生态组成部分。例如，河岸生境往往比邻近的土地用途具有更丰富的物种。河岸森林有能力连接林地栖息地，为自然恢复网络提供蓝图。这些协同特性和我们的综合方法直接和创造性地解决了政府的“绿色工业革命十点计划”，强调了对土地管理和自然恢复的“联合”方法的需要。CASTOR将通过以下方式共同创造知识并确定恢复河岸树木的途径：绘制英国河岸树木扩展的潜力，并确定与河岸走廊相关的生态、历史和社会经济联系。2. 在不断扩大/变化的树篱（以及对“荒野”的看法）的背景下绘制文学、历史、生态和文化遗产价值。3. 探索使用社会艺术实践和参与式方法，共同产生对河岸树木逃生走廊的多尺度感知、价值观和动机的知识。4. 批判性地评估利益相关者的财务激励和机会；与农村地区的土地管理者接触。5. 开发替代方案（通过虚拟现实、艺术装置、研讨会和基于网络的地理信息系统探索），与河流走廊的自然和辅助再生（重新野生化）有关。6. 开发空间模型（连通性、水文、物种多样性、再生阶段）来评估作为自组织系统的河岸树篱的恢复能力，以及它们所连接的景观和群落。7. 通过与艺术从业者（如创意写作、艺术家驻地等）的接触，探索社区与河岸林地的时间/空间联系。我们新颖的跨学科视角和技术将提供：1)对河岸树木的评估，以便直接纳入公共产品的公共资金框架；2)对社会-水文-生态反馈进行批判性研究，以支持退化河岸景观的恢复，利用放归方法增加河岸生物多样性和碳储量；3)一个新兴的愿景，将长期文化价值与社区观点结合起来，以确保英国树木的未来。这些成果将激发社区参与和河岸景观和生态系统的恢复，这种模式将适用于整个英国。

Critical interventions are required if the UK is to reach its afforestation target of 17% by 2050. The CASTOR project both elucidates and provides solutions for the challenges that will be faced, with a specific focus on riparian landscapes in northern England. Our focus on riparian treescapes as critical pathways to reforestation takes advantage of these as natural confluences, capitalizing on three key opportunities: 1. Extent: there are over 240,000 km of rivers and streams in England, meaning the potential for restoring riparian woodland presents a substantial opportunity for meeting the UK government's goal of 17% tree cover by 2050 coupled with associated increases in carbon storage and sequestration, water quality amelioration, habitat creation and flood prevention. 2. Restoration: although not all rivers will be suitable for reforestation, given the levels of degradation of riparian zones, these habitats present a major opportunity for large-scale environmental restoration and rewilding. A focus on catchment dynamics and connectivity offers a key opportunity for the development of nature-based solutions to ongoing flood risk for an increasing number of communities. 3. Networks for nature recovery: riparian zones are a key ecological component of resilient landscapes. For example, riparian habitats often have greater species richness than adjacent land-uses. Riparian forests have the ability to connect woodland habitats, providing a blueprint for a Nature Recovery Network. These synergistic properties and our integrated approach directly and creatively address the government's 'Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution' highlighting the need for a 'joined-up' approach to land management and nature recovery.The CASTOR will co-produce knowledge and identify pathways to resilient riparian treescapes by: 1. mapping the potential for riparian treescape expansion in the UK and identifying ecological, historical and socio-economic connections associated with riparian corridors. 2. mapping literary, historical, ecological, and cultural heritage values in the context of expanding/changing treescapes (and perceptions of "wildness"). 3. exploring the use of Social Arts Practice and participatory methods to co-produce knowledge on multi-scalar perceptions, values and motivations towards riparian treescape corridors. 4. critically evaluating financial incentives and opportunities for stakeholders; engaging with land-managers in rural areas. 5. developing alternative scenarios (explored through virtual reality, arts installations, workshops and web-based GIS) related to natural and assisted regeneration (rewilding) of river corridors. 6. developing spatial models (of connectivity, hydrology, species diversity, regeneration stage) to assess the resilience of riparian treescapes, as self-organizing systems, and the landscapes and communities they connect. 7. exploring through engagement with arts practitioners (e.g. creative writing, artists in residence, etc.) the community connections - temporal/spatial - to riparian woodlands. Our novel interdisciplinary perspectives and technology will deliver: 1) a valuation of riparian treescapes for direct incorporation into the public money for public goods framework; 2) critical examination of socio-hydro-ecological feedbacks to underpin the recovery of degraded riparian landscapes, leveraging rewilding approaches to increase riparian biodiversity and carbon storage; and 3) an emergent vision that aligns long-term cultural values with community perspectives to ensure the future of UK treescapes. These outcomes will invigorate community engagement and recovery of riparian landscapes and ecosystems within a model that will be applicable throughout the UK.