Landscape Regeneration Solutions to the Interlinked Extinction and Climate Crises that support Sustainable Development

基于自然的解决方案（NbS*）是对社会挑战的回应，涉及与自然合作，为人类和生物多样性带来利益。它们包括保护现有的生态系统、恢复退化的生态系统和以更可持续的方式管理耕地。NBS在支持英国的净零气候目标和政府在一代人内改善环境的雄心方面具有国家战略重要性。它们也获得了国际意义：131个国家将NbS纳入其UNFCCC气候变化承诺。如果设计得当并得到有力实施，NBS将为减缓和适应气候变化带来多重好处，增强生物多样性，促进人类福祉并支持经济复苏。面临的挑战是，国家统计局的实施往往是零碎的，重点狭窄，并削弱了薄弱的研究/政策/实践的联系。UCam-Regen将通过在实际驱动的分析中应用其广泛的专业知识来解决这一问题，该分析提供了解决NBS交付所面临的若干挑战所需的知识和工具：NBS可以为实现净零排放做出重大贡献，尽管这种贡献的程度受到有限的可用土地数量的限制，并受到气候变化对生态系统的影响的严重影响。NBS不是脱碳经济的替代方案，必须伴随着快速，深入的减排;它们必须与当地社区一起设计;它们必须为生物多样性提供可衡量的好处，并被设计为适应气候变化，即必须应用“整体系统方法”-如UCam-Regen -整合经济，社会和自然。扩大、恢复和保护联合王国各地的主要生态系统需要（a）在规划系统中更好地保护自然生境;（B）改革农业和林业补贴，以更好地支持有利于气候调节和生物多样性的行动;（c）在新出现的自然恢复网络的基础上，将各地的生境联系起来;（d）强制规定在所有新开发项目中建立国家生物多样性战略框架，以及（e）为自然系统适应气候变化留出土地空间。有必要制定强有力的指标，以评估各种NbS对碳固存、水调节、生物多样性和人类福祉的有效性。精心设计的新融资机制，包括税收优惠和对生态系统管理的公共补贴，这些机制符合NBS指导方针，并支持减缓气候变化，适应气候变化和生物多样性，这可能有助于提升NBS和提高英国和全球对气候变化的社会生态适应能力。UCam-Regen通过应用整个系统的方法来解决这些挑战，以提供使用NbS方法再生英国景观所需的知识和工具。该提案的核心是认识到当地社区必须参与有关其景观未来的决策，并共同制定解决方案，并通过对最佳景观管理方法的科学评估来最大限度地提供生态系统服务。我们从Coomes教授领导的COP 26大学网络简报会中获取政策建议和定义https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/Media_790171_smxx.pdf

Nature-based solutions (NbS*) are responses to societal challenges that involve working with nature to deliver benefits for both people and biodiversity. They include protecting existing ecosystems, restoring degraded ecosystems and managing working lands more sustainably. NbS are of national strategic importance in supporting the UK's net zero climate targets and the Government's ambition to improve the environment within a generation. They have gained international significance too: 131 countries include NbS in their UNFCCC climate change pledges. If well designed and robustly implemented, NbS will deliver multiple benefits for climate change mitigation and adaptation, enhance biodiversity, promote human wellbeing and support economic recovery. The challenge is that the implementation of NbS is often piecemeal, narrow in focus, and undermined by weak research/policy/practice connections. UCam-Regen will redress this problem by applying its breadth of expertise in a practically driven analysis that provides the knowledge and tools needed to address several challenges facing the delivery of NbS:NbS can contribute significantly to achieving net zero emissions, although the extent of that contribution is limited by the finite amount of land available and critically by the effects of climate change on ecosystems. NbS are not an alternative to decarbonising the economy and must be accompanied by swift, deep emissions cuts; they must be designed with and for local communities; and they must deliver measurable benefits for biodiversity and be designed to be resilient to climate change i.e. a 'whole systems approach' must be applied - as in UCam-Regen - that integrates economies, societies, and nature. Scaling up, restoration and protection of key ecosystems across UK landscapes requires (a) better protection of natural habitats in the planning system; (b) reforming agriculture and forestry subsidies to better support actions that benefit both climate regulation and biodiversity; (c) connecting habitats across landscapes, building on the emerging Nature Recovery Networks; (d) making it compulsory to build an NbS framework into all new developments, and (e) making space on land for natural systems to adapt to climate change. There is a need to develop robust metrics to assess the effectiveness of a wide range of NbS for carbon sequestration, water regulation, biodiversity and human wellbeing. Well-designed new financing mechanisms, including tax incentives and public subsidies for ecosystem stewardship that meet the NbS guidelines and support climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation and biodiversity, could be instrumental for upscaling NbS and improving social-ecological resilience to climate change, both in the UK and globally. UCam-Regen addresses these challenges by applying a whole systems approach to deliver knowledge and tools necessary to regenerate UK landscapes using NbS approaches. At the heart of the proposal is a recognition that local communities must be engaged with decisions regarding their landscape's future and co-produce solutions, informed by scientific assessments of the optimal landscape management approaches to maximise the delivery of ecosystem services.*We take policy recommendation and definitions from a COP26 Universities Network Briefing led by Prof Coomes https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/Media_790171_smxx.pdf