Economic benefits of pollination to global food systems - Evidence and knowledge gaps

授粉对全球粮食系统的经济效益 - 证据和知识差距

• 批准号: NE/W007452/1
• 负责人: Simon Potts
• 金额: $ 4.87万
• 依托单位: University of Reading
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW007452%2F1
• 关键词: Economic; benefits; pollination; global; food

Pollination by bees and other animals is crucial to the production of 75% of the worlds crops, including many that are widely traded around the world, such as coffee, cocoa and rapseeed. By increasing crop production, pollinators help ensure the functioning of many global food systems. However, human activity within those food systems often has negative effects on pollinators, decreasing stocks of "pollinator natural capital" (populations of animals that provide pollination services) and disrupting the flow of pollination services to crops and other beneficial plants. This has resulted in farmers losing out on millions of $ in production because their yields are limited by insufficient pollination. Concerns over pollinator declines have been growing among national and global policy makers with high profile case studies such as the IPBES pollinator and global assessments, the UK's Dasgupta Review and the EU's INCA accounting report, all highlighting the need to value pollinator natural capital and pollination services for accounting and decision making. To date, much of the work on valuing pollination services has only focused on the value of the service itself to farmers and their immediate buyers (e.g. supermarkets), often focusing heavily on developed, temperate nations. As such, we know very little about i) global stocks of pollinators, ii) the relationship between stocks and pollination services or iii) the relative risks that different countries or actors within the global food system face from pollinator losses.Our project will address these issues by synthesising published academic literature, globally available economic data and new critical analyses to produce: i) a detailed outline of the benefits of pollinators to food systems, ii) an evaluation of the importance of pollination to globalised food systems and risks of economically significant pollinator losses, iii) review methods for quantifying and mapping pollinator natural capital, iv) comprehensive guide to the existing methods and knowledge on the value of pollination, and v) a review of the methods and data needs for better evaluating the impacts of pollination to the whole food system. In addition to two high quality academic publications, we will also collaborate with an experienced scientific artist to produce accessible materials for policy and businesses. Although the importance of pollination has been discussed in international (e.g IPBES) and UK policy (e.g. the Dasgupta review), and in natural capital research (e.g. VNN's state of natural capital report), it is rarely actually valued in a manner useful for decision making and accounting. By taking a whole food system approach and integrating both ecological and economic risks, our work will build on the information from the IPBES pollinators report and the Dasgupta review to produce the most comprehensive appraisal of the value of pollination available anywhere globally. Our work will help policymakers, academics and business to address challenges in measuring and valuing pollinators and pollination across the whole food system, identify parts of the world that are at high risks for pollinator losses, and highlight.

蜜蜂和其他动物的授粉对于生产75％的世界作物至关重要，包括许多在世界各地广泛交易的农作物，例如咖啡，可可和Rapseeed。通过增加农作物的生产，传粉媒介有助于确保许多全球粮食系统的运作。但是，这些食品系统中的人类活动通常会对传粉媒介产生负面影响，减少了“授粉媒介自然资本”（提供授粉服务的动物种群），并破坏了向农作物和其他有益植物的授粉服务流动。这导致农民在数百万美元的生产中失去了损失，因为他们的产量受到授粉不足的限制。在国家和全球政策制定者中，对传粉媒介下降的关注一直在增加，例如IPBES授粉者和全球评估，英国的Dasgupta审查以及欧盟的INCA会计报告，所有这些都强调了为会计和决策做出重视授粉自然资本和授粉服务的必要性。迄今为止，估价授粉服务的许多工作仅集中在服务本身对农民及其直接买家（例如超市）的价值，通常集中在发达的，温带的国家。 As such, we know very little about i) global stocks of pollinators, ii) the relationship between stocks and pollination services or iii) the relative risks that different countries or actors within the global food system face from pollinator losses.Our project will address these issues by synthesising published academic literature, globally available economic data and new critical analyses to produce: i) a detailed outline of the benefits of pollinators to food systems, ii) an evaluation of the importance of pollination to全球化食品系统和经济上重要的授粉损失的风险，iii）审查量化和绘制传粉媒介自然资本的方法，iv）综合指南，综合指南，了解有关授粉价值的现有方法和知识，v）对授粉对整个食品系统的影响的方法和数据需求的综述。除了两个高质量的学术出版物外，我们还将与一位经验丰富的科学艺术家合作，为政策和企业生产可访问的材料。尽管在国际（例如IPBE）和英国政策（例如Dasgupta审查）和自然资本研究（例如VNN的自然资本报告）中讨论了授粉的重要性，但实际上很少以对决策和会计的有用方式进行价值。通过采用整个食品系统方法并融合生态和经济风险，我们的工作将基于IPBES授粉者报告和Dasgupta审查的信息，以对全球范围内提供的授粉价值进行最全面的评估。我们的工作将帮助政策制定者，学者和业务解决整个食品系统中衡量和评估传粉媒介和授粉的挑战，确定世界各地的授粉损失风险高以及突出显示。