GENETIC MANAGEMENT OF ANIMAL COLONIES

遗传结构监测与控制的重要意义 非人灵长类繁殖群体及其重构/确认 殖民地中的血统关系对 维护非人类灵长类动物作为研究资源。目标 这项研究的目的是开发快速和廉价的方法进行 亲子排除分析和亲缘关系、近亲交配及基因估计 非人灵长类动物群体的多样性。结果六大最 13个人类微卫星(STR)基因座的信息量 猕猴的高度多态被用来做父亲 11个恒河猴多雌群体的排除分析(PEA) 一群圈养的Papio hamadryas hamadryas。Str基因座是 通过使用人类引物的聚合酶链式反应进行扩增。这个 PEA在恒河猴的成功略高于预期，领先 对224个子代中的216个父本进行鉴定。国王的父王 在研究小组中出生的所有25只狒狒都是通过这些 精神错乱。此外，大约一半的后代是领头羊的后代 在他们的达姆斯后宫小组之外，这表明只有最高的 排名靠前的男性能够垄断对女性的性接触 当它们的数量高达5只雌性时，就是它们的后宫。更令人惊讶的是， 25个后代中的12个所谓的水坝被排除在 母性的。STR基因座很重要，因为它们允许在没有PEA的情况下 需要假设所谓的大坝实际上是真正的大坝，并且 通常允许识别真正的水坝。未来方向 上面引用的STR基因座将用于筛查各种其他 似尾猿的物种，包括斑腿猴、长尾猴和吼猴，以及 以评估猩猩对遗传管理的有效性，以及 所描述的11个恒河猴群体中的母亲/后代对 以上将对所有13个STR基因座进行筛查，以估计发病率 在恒河猴群体中误产的可能性。微卫星(STR) 基因座，聚合酶链式反应，亲子排除分析(PEA)

Significance Monitoring and controlling the genetic structure of non-human primate breedingcolonies and reconstructing/confirming genealogical relationships in the colonies are essential to the maintenance of non-human primates as a research resource. Objectives This study aims to develop rapid and inexpensive methods to conduct paternity exclusion analysis and estimate kinship, inbreeding and gene diversity in groups of non-human primates. Results The six most informative of thirteen human microsatellite (STR) loci found to be highly polymorphic in rhesus macaques were employed for paternity exclusion analysis (PEA) in 11 multimale groups of rhesus macaques and one captive group of Papio hamadryas hamadryas. STR loci were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using human primers. The success of PEA in rhesus was slightly greater than predicted, leading to identification of the sires of 216 of 224 offspring. The sires of all 25 baboons born in the group studied were identified using these loci. Moreover, about half the offspring were sired by leader males outside their damms harem group suggesting that only the highest ranking males are able to monopolize sexual access to the females in their harem when they number as high as 5 females. More surprising, the alleged dams of 12 of the 25 offspring were excluded from maternity. STR loci are important because they permit PEA without needing to assume that the alleged dam is in fact the true dam and usually allow the identification of the true dam. Future Directions The STR loci cited above will be used to screen a variety of other cercopithecoid species including patas, vervet, and howler monkeys and orangutans to assess their effectiveness for genetic management, and mother/offspring pairs of rhesus in the 11 rhesus groups described above will be screened for all 13 STR loci to estimate the incidence of mistaken maternity in rhesus groups. KEYWORDS microsatellite (STR) loci, PCR amplification, paternity exclusion analysis (PEA)