The Tree of Knowledge (ToK): communicating the complexity of forest resilience. 08832

英国研究委员会一项名为“英国树的未来”的五年研究项目即将结束，该项目旨在“了解树木在景观中发挥重要作用的环境和社会效益”。为了从这项研究中获得最大的利益，需要使用适当的语言和一系列格式对相关利益相关者进行综合和提供。知识树（ToK）项目是一个知识交流项目，将综合英国未来树木计划中的三个项目（多样性树、MEMBRA和newLEAF）的工作成果，将结果传达给森林管理者、政策制定者和公众，并与利益相关者联系，共同制定如何在森林管理和政策中实施结果的指导。ToK将综合三个项目，涵盖森林恢复力的不同方面。弹性是一个系统，如森林，从干扰中恢复的能力。目前，英国政府正在鼓励增加森林覆盖率，作为其储存更多碳、缓解气候变化计划的一部分。然而，英国的许多树木受到气候变化和一系列病虫害的威胁，这可能会限制它们促进碳储存和树木带来的广泛其他好处的能力。因此，我们需要使我们的森林能够抵御这些未来的威胁。弹性是由多种相互作用的因素提供的，但一个关键参数是多样性。更多样化的系统通常更具弹性。多样性存在于许多不同的层面。物种多样性是指一个区域内不同树种的数量，是DiversiTree项目的研究重点。遗传多样性是一个物种内个体之间的变异，是newLEAF项目的重点。表观遗传学是树木在其生命过程中对压力作出反应的生化变化，可以被描述为树的“记忆”，这是MEMBRA项目的重点。森林管理者被告知，多样性可以增强恢复力，但多样性概念的实际实施可能是复杂和微妙的，可能涉及树种、遗传多样性和表观遗传记忆之间的权衡。此外，遗传多样性和表观遗传学很难在地面上可视化和解释。ToK项目将使物种多样性、遗传多样性和表观遗传记忆更容易被森林管理者、政策制定者和公众看到。它将解释为什么这些概念对理解很重要，并为利益攸关方提供更好的知识，以便在其本国森林的背景下评估多样性和复原力，从而使决策更容易。ToK有三个阶段。首先，我们汇集了来自DiversiTree， newLEAF和MEMBRA的研究人员，综合了物种多样性，遗传多样性和表观遗传记忆对增强恢复力的益处，风险和不确定性的现有知识。我们将从这些项目中确定一致的信息，减少利益相关者从三个项目中获得相互冲突信息的风险，这些项目最终都有提高森林恢复力的相同目标。其次，我们将与森林从业者和政策制定者合作，共同开发符合现实世界需求的综合产出。最后，该项目将留下一系列共同开发的产出。我们的研究笔记和网络研讨会（记录下来以备将来使用）将为从业者提供关于如何将物种多样性、遗传多样性和表观遗传记忆纳入森林规划的实践指导。我们的政策简报将为政策制定者需要考虑的项目结果提供指导。最后，我们的动画电影、博客、信息图表和播客将增加公众对物种多样性、遗传多样性和表观遗传记忆的认识、理解和认识。

The UK research councils are nearing the end of a five-year programme of research called 'Future of UK Treescapes' which aims to 'understand the environmental and societal benefits of landscapes in which trees play a significant role'. To gain maximum benefit from this research the results need to be synthesized and made available, using appropriate language, and using a range of formats, to relevant stakeholders.The Tree of Knowledge (ToK) project is a knowledge exchange project that will synthesize work from three projects (DiversiTree, MEMBRA and newLEAF) within the Future of UK Treescapes Programme, communicate the results to forest managers, policy makers and the public and in liaison with stakeholders co-develop guidance on how to implement the results both in forest management and in policy.The three projects ToK will synthesis cover different aspects of forest resilience. Resilience is the ability of a system, such as a forest, to recover from a disturbance. Currently the UK government is encouraging an increase in forest cover as part of its plans to store more carbon, to mitigate climate change. However, many of the UK's trees are threatened by climate change and a range of pests and diseases, which might limit their ability to contribute to carbon storage and the wide range of other benefits delivered by trees. We therefore need to make our forests resilient to these future threats. Resilience is delivered by multiple interacting factors, but a key parameter is diversity. More diverse systems are generally more resilient. Diversity occurs at many different levels. Species diversity is the number of different tree species within an area and is the research focus of the DiversiTree project. Genetic diversity is variation among individuals within a species and is the focus of the newLEAF project. Epigenetics are the biochemical changes within a tree in response to stresses during its life and may be described as the 'memory' of the tree, this is the focus of the MEMBRA project. Forest managers are advised that diversity increases resilience, but the practical implementation of diversity concepts can be complex and nuanced and may involve trade-offs between tree species, genetic diversity and epigenetic memory. In addition, genetic diversity and epigenetics are hard to visualize and interpret on the ground. The ToK project will make species diversity, genetic diversity, and epigenetic memory, more visible to forest managers, policy makers, and the public. It will explain why these concepts are important to understand and provide stakeholders with improved knowledge to evaluate diversity and resilience in the context of their own forests, such that decision-making is easier.There are three stages to ToK. First, we bring together researchers from DiversiTree, newLEAF and MEMBRA to synthesize current knowledge of the benefits, risks and uncertainties of species diversity, genetic diversity, and epigenetic memory for increasing resilience. We will identify consistent messages from across these projects, reducing the risk that stakeholders will receive conflicting information from three projects which ultimately all have the same aim of increasing forest resilience. Second, we will work with forest practitioners and policy makers to co-develop outputs from the synthesis that meet real world needs. Finally, the project will leave a range of co-developed outputs. Our research notes and webinars (recorded for future use) will provide practical guidance for practitioners on how to include species diversity, genetic diversity, and epigenetic memory within their forest planning. Our policy brief will provide guidance on results from the project that policy makers need to consider. Finally, our animated film, blogs, infographics, and podcast will increase the visibility, understanding and raise awareness of species diversity, genetic diversity, and epigenetic memory amongst the public.