MANIPULATIONS OF EXTERNAL ZEITGEBERS IN THE ELDERLY

老年人外部时间的控制

• 批准号: 6299346
• 负责人: Phyllis C. Zee
• 金额: $ 16.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-01-15 至 2000-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6299346
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; body temperature; chronotherapy; circadian rhythms; clinical research; cortisol; cues; exercise; functional ability; heart rate; human old age (65+); human subject; human therapy evaluation; melatonin; neuropsychological tests; nursing homes; outcomes research; performance; photostimulus; rest; sleep; social behavior; wakefulness

Sleep disturbances are common among older persons. Exposure to synchronizing agents for athe circadian system (zeitgebers) such as bright light, social cues and physical activity are greatly diminished in old age. This is particularly true for the institutionalized elderly and may contribute to the constellation of sleep/wake cycle and behavioral disorders which are frequently seen in this group. Preliminary studies indicate that enforcement of photic and non-photic zeitgebers results in alterations of circadian rhythmicity and sleep with associated improvements in daytime function in elderly residents of assisted facilities. The specific aims of the present project are: 1) To test the hypothesis that the timing of bright light/dark or social/physical activity schedules is critical to their efficacy to alter circadian rhythms and sleep, as well as to improve daytime alertness and performance, 2) To test the hypothesis that enforcement of a social schedule without a concomitant increase in physical activity will improve daytime function and nocturnal sleep, and 3) To test the hypothesis that reinforcement of sleep homeostatic mechanisms by enhancement of slow wave sleep will increase alertness and measures of performance. Older residents of assisted living and retirement facilities will be studies before, during and after a 14 day period of intervention will either morning or evening bright light, or structured social and physical exercise; social activity alone or combined social and physical activity programs; or pharmacological treatment to enhance slow wave sleep. Rest-activity cycles and light exposure will be monitored continuously throughout each protocol. Circadian profiles of temperature and heart rate, tests of neuropsychological performance, recording of nocturnal sleep, and measurement of melatonin and cortisol levels in saliva will be determined before, during and after athe various treatments. The results from these studies will determine the extent to which photic and non-photic zeitgebers can be used to alter circadian rhythmicity, improve sleep, alertness and performance in the elderly, as well as to provide essential practical information for th application of these types of intervention in the "real world" setting.

睡眠障碍在老年人中很常见。 接触 昼夜节律系统（zeitgebers）的同步剂，例如明亮的 到了老年，光线、社交线索和体力活动都会大大减少。 对于被收容的老年人来说尤其如此，并且可能 有助于睡眠/觉醒周期和行为的星座 该群体中常见的疾病。 初步研究 表明实施透光和非透光时间会导致 昼夜节律和睡眠的改变以及相关的改善 辅助设施中老年居民的白天功能。 这 本项目的具体目标是： 1）检验以下假设： 明亮/黑暗或社交/体育活动时间表的时间是 对于改变昼夜节律和睡眠以及 提高白天的警觉性和表现，2) 检验假设 执行社会时间表而不随之增加 体力活动将改善白天功能和夜间睡眠，3) 检验强化睡眠稳态机制的假设 通过增强慢波睡眠将提高警觉性和措施 表现。 辅助生活和退休设施的老年居民 将在 14 天的干预期间和之后进行研究 要么是早晨或晚上的明亮光线，要么是结构化的社交和 体育锻炼；单独的社交活动或社交和身体相结合的活动 活动计划；或药物治疗以增强慢波睡眠。 将持续监测休息活动周期和光照情况 贯穿每个协议。 温度和心脏的昼夜节律曲线 率、神经心理表现测试、夜间记录 睡眠，并测量唾液中的褪黑激素和皮质醇水平 在各种治疗之前、期间和之后确定。 结果 这些研究将确定透光和不透光的程度 时间可用于改变昼夜节律，改善睡眠， 老年人的警觉性和表现，以及提供必要的 应用这些类型的干预措施的实用信息 “现实世界”的设定。