ZAP2TAP Solar sterilisation technology for clean safe water

ZAP2TAP 太阳能杀菌技术，提供清洁安全的水

• 批准号: ST/M000141/1
• 负责人: Robert Stevens
• 金额: $ 6.27万
• 依托单位: Nottingham Trent University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FM000141%2F1
• 关键词: ZAP2TAP; Solar; sterilisation; technology; clean

Sunlight and clean water are essential for human life on earth. Approximately one billion people are exposed to unsafe water for drinking and food preparation due to poor source water quality and lack of adequate water treatment, a problem expected to grow worse in the coming decades, with water scarcity occurring globally, even in regions currently considered water rich. This project aims to build & test Proof-of-Concept ZAP2TAP water sterilisation devices that use only visible light, not ultraviolet or electricity, to achieve a high kill rate for water borne pathogens. During the project the kill rate for Escherishia Coli in water will be determine. The technology uses photosensitizer molecules tethered to solid phase nanomaterials supports to create a continuous supply of reactive oxygen in flowing water. The short lived singlet oxygen is mixed with water which is contaminated with pathogens. The effect of singlet oxygen on the pathogen is to degrade or break open the protective bilayer membranes which surrounds the pathogen and kills the pathogen leaving it harmless. Current tests of the novel materials in stationary water have produce a billion times reduction in the number of living pathogens when exposed to a light which simulates the sun.The ZAP2TAP devices will be built from recycleable materials, they will be flexible, light weight and use many of the processes and tools used in the food packaging industry for their manufacture. The technology will impact society by - Improving people's access to clean safe water for drinking and food preparation. - Improving food manufacturers ability to meet the World Health Organisation's water quality standards for food preparation, thus improving health and wellbeing. - Reducing illness arising from the water borne pathogens associated with unsafe drinking water, leading to a increase in the average no. of days worked and impact economic development and recovery.- Helping to secure the supply of drinking water to consumers by allowing direct solar sterilisation of harvested rainwater, source water and greywater. - Reducing the dependence of chemicals to sterilise water. The technology will impact the environment by - Improving water management at personal, domestic and industrial scales- Reduced carbon footprint & energy consumption by water utilities by reducing the volume of water extracted & pumped, including a reduced demand for new installations & pipe networks, leading to reduced impact on the Environment and maintained ecosystems.- Remove the use of water sterilisation chemicals and their associated hazards.- Enabling water re-use, which then diverts rainfall from the combined sewer network. This has significant benefits for water utilities and the community with fewer pollution incidents and reduced surface water flooding.- Helping architects meet carbon emission regulations to increase sustainable implementation of rainwater harvesting in new homes. The technology will benefit the ecomomy by - Creating a high value product which meets the demands of both home and international markets. - Creating and maintaining high value manufacturing jobs.- Introducing high volume production of nanofibre material into the supply chain for the production of other high value innovative products in the UK.

阳光和清洁的水对于地球上的人类生命至关重要。由于水源水质差和缺乏适当的水处理，大约有十亿人在饮用和准备食物时使用不安全的水，预计这一问题在未来几十年将变得更加严重，全球范围内都会出现水资源短缺，甚至在目前被认为水资源丰富的地区也是如此。该项目旨在构建和测试概念验证 ZAP2TAP 水消毒设备，该设备仅使用可见光，而不是紫外线或电力，以实现对水传播病原体的高杀灭率。项目期间将测定水中大肠杆菌的杀灭率。该技术利用固定在固相纳米材料载体上的光敏剂分子，在流动的水中产生持续的活性氧供应。短命的单线态氧与被病原体污染的水混合。单线态氧对病原体的作用是降解或打破病原体周围的保护性双层膜并杀死病原体，使其无害。目前对静止水中的新型材料进行的测试表明，当暴露在模拟太阳光下时，活病原体的数量减少了十亿倍。ZAP2TAP设备将由可回收材料制成，它们灵活、重量轻，并使用食品包装行业中使用的许多工艺和工具进行制造。该技术将通过以下方式影响社会： - 改善人们获得清洁安全的饮用水和食品准备的机会。 - 提高食品制造商满足世界卫生组织食品制备水质标准的能力，从而改善健康和福祉。 - 减少与不安全饮用水相关的水传播病原体引起的疾病，导致平均数量增加。工作天数并影响经济发展和复苏。 - 通过对收集的雨水、水源水和灰水进行直接太阳能消毒，帮助确保消费者的饮用水供应。 - 减少对化学物质对水进行消毒的依赖。该技术将通过以下方式影响环境： - 改善个人、家庭和工业规模的水管理 - 通过减少提取和抽水量，减少水务公司的碳足迹和能源消耗，包括减少对新设施和管网的需求，从而减少对环境和维护生态系统的影响。 - 消除水消毒化学品的使用及其相关危害。 - 实现水的再利用，从而将降雨从水源中转移 综合污水管网。这对自来水公司和社区具有显着的好处，可以减少污染事件并减少地表水泛滥。 - 帮助建筑师满足碳排放法规，以增加新住宅中雨水收集的可持续实施。该技术将通过以下方式造福经济： - 创造满足国内和国际市场需求的高价值产品。 - 创造和维持高价值制造业就业机会。 - 将纳米纤维材料的大批量生产引入英国其他高价值创新产品生产的供应链。