RESTRAINT & ATTRIBUTIONS--RISK FACTORS IN ALCOHOL ABUSE

申请者摘要：我们寻求继续研究饮酒限制 (即全神贯注于控制酒精消费)。饮酒者 高度克制试图在饮酒的诱惑之间保持平衡 和摄入量的调节。当他们将自己的责任归因于 违反饮酒限制，他们会经历负面影响，并可能 继续饮酒以修复情绪，从而过度饮酒。我们的 饮酒限制与禁酒/限量违规效应的研究 (AVE/LVE)包括调查、实验室和实地研究，我们在这些研究中 已经找到了对上述过程的支持。我们提出三个建议 关于饮酒限制和左肺功能减退的研究将分两部分进行 “高危”人群：“未成年饮酒者”(18-20岁)和成年人 (21-35岁)有或没有问题饮酒家族史。 我们还计划修改我们对饮酒归因风格的测量，以评估 “可控性”。 研究I将重点放在年轻的成年饮酒者(18-20岁)。虽然 法律禁止饮酒，许多人过度饮酒。因此，他们可以 体验饮酒诱惑的克制循环(规范、期望) 以及对摄入量的监管(负面后果、法律制裁)。一个子集 研究I参与者，有高有低的诱惑(一个方面 约束)，将被选为研究2，这涉及到深入的 检查左肺间质。研究3侧重于克制和家族史。 喝酒有问题。有问题饮酒背景的人可能是 被酒精吸引(家庭模式)，但暴露在负面后果中 可能会引起人们对自己潜在的饮酒问题的担忧。这些 担忧导致了试图控制酒精摄入量的尝试。在这两个种群中， 重复节制周期可能会增加饮酒的风险 有问题。 研究2和研究3将继续使用创新技术，即 自我监测计算机(电子日记)，用于评估与饮酒有关的情况 自然环境中的变量。来自教育署的数据将使我们能够 研究节制和低脂饮食对过度饮酒的影响。

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: We seek to continue research on drinking restraint (i.e., the preoccupation with controlling alcohol consumption). Drinkers high in restraint try to maintain a balance between the temptation to drink and the regulation of intake. When they make self-blaming attributions for violating their limits on drinking, they experience negative affect, and may continue to drink to repair their mood, thereby drinking to excess. Our research on drinking restraint and the Abstinence/Limit Violation Effect (AVE/LVE) has included survey, laboratory, and field studies in which we have found support for the processes just described. We propose three studies in which drinking restraint and the LVE will be examined in two "high risk" populations: "underage drinkers" (ages 18-20 years) and adults (ages 21-35 years) with and without a family history of problem drinking. We also plan to modify our measure of drinking attributional style to assess "controllability". Study I will focus on young adult drinkers (ages 18-20 years). Although legally prohibited from drinking, many drink to excess. Thus, they may experience the restraint cycle of temptation to drink (norms, expectancies) and regulation of intake (negative consequences, legal sanctions). A subset of Study I participants, high and low in temptation (an aspect of restraint), will be selected for Study 2, which involves an in-depth examination of the LVE. Study 3 focuses on restraint and family history of problem drinking. Persons from problem drinking backgrounds may be attracted to alcohol (family models) yet exposure to negative consequences may raise concerns about their own potential for problem drinking. These concerns lead to attempts to regulate alcohol intake. In both populations, repetitions of the restraint cycle may increase the risk for alcohol problems. Studies 2 and 3 will continue our use of an innovative technology, the self-monitoring computer (Electronic Diary- ED), to assess drinking-related variables in the natural environment. Data from the ED will allow us to examine the contributions of restraint and the LVE to excessive drinking.