Applying Behavioral Economics and EMA to Physical Activity and Marijuana Use

描述(申请人提供)：大麻是新兴和年轻人(18至25岁)使用的最受欢迎的非法物质。对RFA-DA-09-013的回应使用行为经济学概念框架、生态瞬时评估(EMA)和加速度计数据来检查与体力活动(PA)/锻炼相关的问题，将其作为常规使用大麻(MJ)的积极替代方案。拟议的转化研究计划探讨PA/运动是否可以作为一种有用和有效的二级预防策略，减少年轻的定期(即每周至少两次)MJ使用者使用MJ，从而降低他们产生与物质相关的负面后果的风险。二级预防和干预战略如果以可转化为实地使用的战略的合理科学原则为基础，就是最有效的。我们提出了三项概念驱动和方法复杂的研究，旨在解决以下三个目标：1)通过相对强化值(RRV)的行为经济学指标和用PA/Exercise替代MJ使用，来考察PA/Exercise作为MJ使用的积极替代的程度。2)考察PA/运动的强度(30分钟，24小时)是否对MJ渴望、使用MJ的意图和MJ使用有显著影响。3)研究个人助理/锻炼的社会促进作用(即，在有或没有MJ伙伴的情况下进行锻炼)对MJ的使用、MJ的渴望和使用MJ的意图的影响程度，既有剧烈的(30分钟，24小时)，也有短期的(最多7天)。每项研究将包括14天来自EMA和加速计的详细和复杂的实时数据，以及旨在解决研究问题的行为任务。每一项研究都将提供有关PA/运动和MJ使用之间的联系的新的和独特的信息。然而，这三项研究通过它们共同的概念框架(行为经济学)和使用创新的最新科学方法(例如加速计、EMA)而紧密联系在一起。这一翻译研究项目在应用EMA来了解正在进行的MJ使用方面具有创新性。这些行为任务将为制定基于PA/练习的二级预防策略提供科学严谨的基础。EMA和加速度计数据的结合将为检验PA/运动和MJ的使用提供丰富的背景，并允许我们探索它们随时间的动态关系。这些研究的结果将对关于PA/运动和MJ使用之间关系的非常有限的科学知识做出重大贡献，并将丰富二级预防战略的制定，以降低使用MJ的新人和年轻人的脆弱人群中的药物滥用风险。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的转换研究涉及源自行为经济学理论(相对价值、行为选择/替代)和最新科学技术的概念，以确定体育活动(PA)/锻炼作为减少大麻(MJ)使用的二级预防策略的效用。新人和年轻人(18至25岁)将使用移动电话和交互式语音响应技术提供有关MJ使用的详细生态瞬时评估(EMA)数据，并将佩戴加速计提供PA水平的数据。实验任务、EMA和PA数据将有助于确定PA/运动在多大程度上可以作为MJ使用的积极替代品。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Marijuana is the most popular illegal substance used by emerging and young adults (age 18 to 25 years). This response to RFA-DA-09-013 uses a behavioral economics conceptual framework, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometer data to examine questions related to physical activity (PA)/exercise as a positive alternative to the regular use of marijuana (MJ). The proposed program of translational research addresses whether PA/exercise could serve as a useful and effective secondary prevention strategy for reducing MJ use among young regular (i.e., minimum twice/week) MJ users, thereby reducing their risks for negative substance-related consequences. Secondary prevention and intervention strategies are most effective if they are based on sound scientific principles that can be translated into strategies for use in the field. We propose three conceptually-driven and methodologically-sophisticated studies designed to address the following three aims: 1) to examine the extent to which PA/exercise serves as a positive alternative to MJ use as indicated by behavioral economic indices of relative reinforcement value (RRV) and substitution of PA/exercise for MJ use. 2) To examine whether the intensity of PA/exercise acutely (30 minutes, 24 hours) affects MJ craving, intent to use MJ, and MJ use. 3) To examine the extent to which social facilitation of PA/exercise (i.e., exercise with and without a MJ buddy) affects MJ use, MJ craving and intent to use MJ, both acutely (30 minutes, 24 hours) and in the short-term (up to 7 days). Each study will involve 14 days of detailed and complex real-time data from EMA and accelerometers along with behavioral tasks designed to address the research questions. Each study will provide new and unique information about the association between PA/exercise and MJ use. However, the three studies are strongly linked by their shared conceptual framework (behavioral economics) and use of innovative state-of-the-science methods (e.g., accelerometers, EMA). This program of translational research is innovative in its application of EMA to understanding ongoing MJ use. The behavioral tasks will provide a scientifically rigorous basis for developing secondary prevention strategies based on PA/exercise. The combination of EMA and accelerometer data will provide a rich context for examining PA/exercise and MJ use and allow us to explore their dynamic relations over time. Findings from these studies will make significant contributions to the very limited scientific knowledge about relationships between PA/exercise and MJ use and will enrich the development of secondary prevention strategies to reduce substance abuse risk in vulnerable populations of MJ-using emerging and young adults. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed translational research involves concepts derived from behavioral economic theory (relative value, behavioral choice/substitution) and state-of-the-science technologies to determine the utility of physical activity (PA)/exercise as a secondary prevention strategy to lessen marijuana (MJ) use. Emerging and young adults (age 18 to 25 years) will use cellular phones and interactive voice response technology to provide detailed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data on MJ use and will wear accelerometers to provide data on PA levels. Experimental tasks, EMA and PA data will help to determine the extent to which PA/exercise can serve as a positive alternative to MJ use.