Applying Behavioral Economics and EMA to Physical Activity and Marijuana Use

描述（由申请人提供）：大麻是新兴和年轻人（18至25岁）使用的最流行的非法物质。这项对RFA-DA-09-013的回应使用了行为经济学概念框架、生态瞬间评估（EMA）和加速度计数据来研究与体育活动(PA)/运动作为常规使用大麻（MJ）的积极替代方案相关的问题。拟议的转化研究项目探讨了PA/运动是否可以作为一种有用和有效的二级预防策略，减少年轻的MJ常规使用者（即至少两次/周）的MJ使用，从而降低他们产生负面物质相关后果的风险。二级预防和干预战略如果以可靠的科学原则为基础，并可转化为在实地使用的战略，则是最有效的。我们提出了三个概念驱动和方法复杂的研究，旨在解决以下三个目标：1)通过相对强化值（RRV）的行为经济指标和PA/运动替代MJ的使用来检查PA/运动作为MJ使用的积极替代方案的程度。2)研究急性（30分钟、24小时）PA/运动强度是否影响MJ渴望、MJ使用意图和MJ使用。3)研究PA/运动（即有和没有MJ伙伴的运动）的社会促进对MJ使用、MJ渴望和MJ使用意图的影响程度，包括急性（30分钟，24小时）和短期（最多7天）。每项研究将包括来自EMA和加速度计的14天详细而复杂的实时数据，以及旨在解决研究问题的行为任务。每项研究都将提供关于PA/运动与MJ使用之间关系的新的和独特的信息。然而，这三项研究因其共同的概念框架（行为经济学）和使用最先进的创新方法（例如，加速度计、EMA）而紧密联系在一起。这个转化研究项目在EMA的应用上是创新的，以了解正在进行的MJ使用。行为任务将为制定基于PA/运动的二级预防策略提供科学严谨的基础。EMA和加速度计数据的结合将为检查PA/运动和MJ使用提供丰富的背景，并允许我们探索它们随时间的动态关系。这些研究的发现将对非常有限的关于PA/运动与MJ使用之间关系的科学知识做出重大贡献，并将丰富二级预防策略的发展，以减少MJ使用弱势群体的药物滥用风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Marijuana is the most popular illegal substance used by emerging and young adults (age 18 to 25 years). This response to RFA-DA-09-013 uses a behavioral economics conceptual framework, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometer data to examine questions related to physical activity (PA)/exercise as a positive alternative to the regular use of marijuana (MJ). The proposed program of translational research addresses whether PA/exercise could serve as a useful and effective secondary prevention strategy for reducing MJ use among young regular (i.e., minimum twice/week) MJ users, thereby reducing their risks for negative substance-related consequences. Secondary prevention and intervention strategies are most effective if they are based on sound scientific principles that can be translated into strategies for use in the field. We propose three conceptually-driven and methodologically-sophisticated studies designed to address the following three aims: 1) to examine the extent to which PA/exercise serves as a positive alternative to MJ use as indicated by behavioral economic indices of relative reinforcement value (RRV) and substitution of PA/exercise for MJ use. 2) To examine whether the intensity of PA/exercise acutely (30 minutes, 24 hours) affects MJ craving, intent to use MJ, and MJ use. 3) To examine the extent to which social facilitation of PA/exercise (i.e., exercise with and without a MJ buddy) affects MJ use, MJ craving and intent to use MJ, both acutely (30 minutes, 24 hours) and in the short-term (up to 7 days). Each study will involve 14 days of detailed and complex real-time data from EMA and accelerometers along with behavioral tasks designed to address the research questions. Each study will provide new and unique information about the association between PA/exercise and MJ use. However, the three studies are strongly linked by their shared conceptual framework (behavioral economics) and use of innovative state-of-the-science methods (e.g., accelerometers, EMA). This program of translational research is innovative in its application of EMA to understanding ongoing MJ use. The behavioral tasks will provide a scientifically rigorous basis for developing secondary prevention strategies based on PA/exercise. The combination of EMA and accelerometer data will provide a rich context for examining PA/exercise and MJ use and allow us to explore their dynamic relations over time. Findings from these studies will make significant contributions to the very limited scientific knowledge about relationships between PA/exercise and MJ use and will enrich the development of secondary prevention strategies to reduce substance abuse risk in vulnerable populations of MJ-using emerging and young adults. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed translational research involves concepts derived from behavioral economic theory (relative value, behavioral choice/substitution) and state-of-the-science technologies to determine the utility of physical activity (PA)/exercise as a secondary prevention strategy to lessen marijuana (MJ) use. Emerging and young adults (age 18 to 25 years) will use cellular phones and interactive voice response technology to provide detailed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data on MJ use and will wear accelerometers to provide data on PA levels. Experimental tasks, EMA and PA data will help to determine the extent to which PA/exercise can serve as a positive alternative to MJ use.