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Development of the Segmented Inverted Coaxial Germanium (SIGMA) Detector for Enhanced Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Imaging

开发用于增强伽马射线光谱和成像的分段倒置同轴锗 (SIGMA) 探测器

基本信息

批准号：
ST/M003582/1
负责人：
Laura Joanne Harkness-Brennan
金额：
$ 47.46万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FM003582%2F1
关键词：
Development Segmented Inverted Coaxial Germanium

项目摘要

Nuclear physics seeks to answer fundamental science questions such as "How did the universe begin and how is it evolving? How are stars born? What are the fundamental constituents and fabric of the universe and how do they interact? How can we explore and understand the extremes of the universe?" The aim of this research is to develop new technology that will allow scientists from the UK and international nuclear physics communities to investigate and address these key questions. A new type of radiation detector will be developed, SIGMA, which will provide a major advance in performance over current state-of-the-art systems. The SIGMA detector will be able to locate gamma-ray interactions in space and time. This information will be used to track gamma-rays back to their point of origin, with unrivalled accuracy. The detector will be used alongside the AIDA system, which will detect another type of radiation, beta particles. This system is already under development by UK nuclear scientists at the Universities of Edinburgh and Liverpool and at STFC Daresbury Laboratory. Future nuclear physics experiments will combine the information from both detection systems to facilitate the collection of high-quality data at international facilities. This technique is set to significantly enhance these experiments, where as little as a few nuclei of interest are produced in a day.The long-term plan is that several SIGMA detectors will be deployed as part of the DESPEC experiment at the FAIR facility in Germany, where many UK scientists will conduct their research. In this experiment, the detectors will be used to measure key properties of nuclei that have never been observed before, to provide a deeper understanding of how stars are born and how they evolve. Development of the SIGMA detector is of high strategic importance to the STFC UK nuclear physics and is timely, with the FAIR facility coming online from 2019.A secondary aim of this research is to evaluate the suitability of the SIGMA detector for deployment as a gamma-ray imaging system for commercial and industrial applications. The detector would revolutionise performance in a variety of applications such as nuclear decommissioning, security, environmental monitoring and medical imaging. For example, using the detector in nuclear medicine would enhance quality of life and health through earlier diagnosis of cancer and neurological conditions. The detector could also be operated in national security and defence. For example, it could be used to image gamma-ray maps from spent fuel from nuclear reactors on board Royal Navy submarines. Data acquired from such a system would be used to inform models that underpin the safe design of future reactors.

核物理学试图回答一些基本科学问题，例如“宇宙是如何开始的以及它是如何演化的？恒星是如何诞生的？宇宙的基本成分和结构是什么以及它们如何相互作用？我们如何探索和理解宇宙的极端？”这项研究的目的是开发新技术，使英国和国际核物理界的科学家能够调查和解决这些关键问题。我们将开发一种新型辐射探测器 SIGMA，其性能将比当前最先进的系统取得重大进步。 SIGMA探测器将能够定位空间和时间上的伽马射线相互作用。该信息将用于以无与伦比的精度追踪伽马射线回到其起源点。该探测器将与 AIDA 系统一起使用，该系统将探测另一种类型的辐射，即 β 粒子。英国爱丁堡大学、利物浦大学以及 STFC 达斯伯里实验室的核科学家已经在开发该系统。未来的核物理实验将结合来自两个探测系统的信息，以促进在国际设施中收集高质量数据。这项技术将显着增强这些实验，一天内只产生几个感兴趣的核。长期计划是，将在德国 FAIR 设施部署几台 SIGMA 探测器，作为 DESPEC 实验的一部分，许多英国科学家将在那里进行研究。在这个实验中，探测器将用于测量以前从未观察到的原子核的关键特性，以更深入地了解恒星如何诞生和演化。 SIGMA 探测器的开发对 STFC 英国核物理具有高度战略重要性，而且非常及时，FAIR 设施将于 2019 年上线。这项研究的第二个目的是评估 SIGMA 探测器作为商业和工业应用的伽马射线成像系统的适用性。该探测器将彻底改变核退役、安全、环境监测和医学成像等各种应用的性能。例如，在核医学中使用探测器可以通过早期诊断癌症和神经系统疾病来提高生活质量和健康水平。该探测器还可以用于国家安全和国防。例如，它可用于对皇家海军潜艇上核反应堆乏燃料的伽马射线图进行成像。从这样的系统获得的数据将用于为支持未来反应堆安全设计的模型提供信息。