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University of the West of Scotland Nuclear Physics Group Consolidated Grant

西苏格兰大学核物理组综合拨款

基本信息

批准号：
ST/P005101/1
负责人：
John Smith
金额：
$ 105.37万
依托单位：
University of the West of Scotland
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FP005101%2F1
关键词：
University West Scotland Nuclear Physics

项目摘要

Despite more than a century of intense experimental and theoretical research, the nuclear many-body quantum system remains a challenge. In the century that has followed, numerous advances in accelerator and detector technology have firmly established nuclear physics as an international activity at the forefront of scientific research. In the past few decades, the quest to understand the properties of exotic nuclei ever further from the valley of stability has led to considerable experimental progress. The programme of research described in this Consolidated Grant application covers research into the structure and properties of atomic nuclei lying far from stability and collective behaviour in stable nuclei which remains poorly understood. Recent experimental observations, supported by theoretical calculations, have suggested that the structure of exotic nuclei may be different from those near stability. The well-known sequence of magic numbers, corresponding to energy gaps in nuclear shell structure, is now thought to change in nuclei with an extreme excess of neutrons. The evidence for such a change is already convincing around neutron number N=20, and similar effects are expected for the other shell gaps at N=28, 50, and 82. In order to provide a test of nuclear models, experimental data are needed. In this respect, we will focus on the proton-rich nuclei around Sn100 (N=Z=50). An important consideration in the description of an atomic nucleus is its shape. It is well established that nuclei with filled shells of neutrons and protons are spherical, and nuclei with partially-filled shells can become deformed. An exotic form of deformation is when the nucleus takes on a reflection-asymmetric "pear" shape. Such octupole deformation is most prominent in localized regions of the nuclear chart, such as the light actinide region (radium, thorium, uranium nuclei with A~224) and lanthanides near barium-144. In our research programme, we will make a comprehensive study of octupole deformation in nuclei, focusing on the actinide and lanthanide regions, as well as the proton-rich nuclei near N=Z=56. Recent developments in accelerator and detector technology will now allow new types of experiments to be performed to provide new insights into this novel type of deformation. In our research programme, we will make a comprehensive study of octupole correlations in nuclei, focusing on the actinide and lanthanide regions, as well as the proton-rich nuclei near N=Z=56. The mirror-symmetry-violating pear shape allows for the search for physics that is responsible for the existent matter-antimatter symmetry violation. High-powered laser systems are now offering a new method of producing and accelerating particles. Focussing their beams on small areas creates volumes with extreme high energy densities, in which nuclear reactions can happen or from which intense beams of charged particles are emitted. Parts of our research will exploit this novel technical development to explore aspects of nuclear physics which are not possible by conventional means. Our research will performed using varius different experimental techniques. For example, we will carry out Coulomb-excitation experiments at ISOLDE, electron-gamma coincidence spectroscopy and lifetime measurements at JYFL, and laser-induced nuclear reactions at the new ELI-NP facility in Magurele, Romania. The requested funds will provide support for postdoctoral research associates and PhD students to help carry out this work, as well as funds for travel and subsistence. We have also requested funds to enable world leading theoretical nuclear physicists to visit our group to help with the interpretation of our results, and to provide important theoretical input into our experimental research programme.

尽管经过了世纪密集的实验和理论研究，核多体量子系统仍然是一个挑战。在随后的世纪中，加速器和探测器技术的许多进步已经牢固地确立了核物理学作为科学研究前沿的国际活动。在过去的几十年里，对远离稳定谷的奇异核性质的探索导致了相当大的实验进展。本综合资助申请中所述的研究方案涵盖了对远离稳定性的原子核的结构和性质以及对稳定核的集体行为的研究，这些研究仍然知之甚少。最近的实验观测，理论计算的支持下，表明奇异核的结构可能不同于那些接近稳定。众所周知的幻数序列，对应于核壳层结构中的能隙，现在被认为在中子极度过剩的原子核中会发生变化。这种变化的证据在中子数N=20附近已经令人信服，并且预计在N=28，50和82的其他壳层间隙中也会有类似的影响。为了提供核模型的检验，需要实验数据。在这方面，我们将集中在Sn 100（N=Z=50）周围的富质子核。在描述原子核时，一个重要的考虑因素是它的形状。众所周知，具有中子和质子填充壳层的核是球形的，并且具有部分填充壳层的核可以变形。一种奇特的变形形式是原子核呈现出反射不对称的“梨”形。这种八极形变在原子核图的局部区域最为突出，例如轻锕系元素区域（镭、钍、铀核，A~224）和钡-144附近的镧系元素。在我们的研究计划中，我们将对原子核中的八极形变进行全面研究，重点是锕系和镧系区域，以及N=Z=56附近的富质子核。加速器和探测器技术的最新发展现在将允许进行新类型的实验，以提供对这种新型变形的新见解。在我们的研究计划中，我们将对原子核中的八极相关性进行全面研究，重点是锕系和镧系区域，以及N=Z=56附近的富质子核。违反镜像对称的梨形允许寻找对存在的物质-反物质对称性违反负责的物理。高功率激光系统现在提供了一种产生和加速粒子的新方法。将它们的光束聚焦在小区域上会产生具有极高能量密度的体积，其中可以发生核反应或发射出强烈的带电粒子束。我们的部分研究将利用这一新的技术发展来探索核物理学的各个方面，这些方面是传统手段所无法实现的。我们的研究将使用各种不同的实验技术进行。例如，我们将在ISOLDE进行库仑激发实验，在JYFL进行电子-伽马符合光谱和寿命测量，并在罗马尼亚Magurele的新ELI-NP设施进行激光诱导核反应。申请的资金将为博士后研究助理和博士生提供支持，以帮助开展这项工作，以及旅行和生活费。我们还要求提供资金，使世界领先的理论核物理学家能够访问我们的小组，帮助解释我们的结果，并为我们的实验研究计划提供重要的理论投入。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Performing the differential decay curve method on ? -ray transitions with unresolved Doppler-shifted components

对执行微分衰减曲线方法？

DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2019.162965
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
影响因子：
0
作者：
Barber L
通讯作者：
Barber L

Evolution of Octupole Deformation in Radium Nuclei from Coulomb Excitation of Radioactive ^{222}Ra and ^{228}Ra Beams.

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.124.042503
发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
Physical review letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
P. Butler;L. Gaffney;P. Spagnoletti;K. Abrahams;M. Bowry;J. Cederkäll;G. de Angelis;H. De Witte;P. Garrett;A. Goldkuhle;C. Henrich;A. Illana;K. Johnston;D. Joss;J. Keatings;N. Kelly;M. Komorowska;J. Konki;T. Kröll;M. Lozano;B. S. Nara Singh;D. O’Donnell;J. Ojala;R. Page;L. Pedersen;C. Raison;P. Reiter;Julia Bella Rodriguez;D. Rosiak;S. Rothe;M. Scheck;M. Seidlitz;T. Shneidman;B. Siebeck;J. Sinclair;J. F. Smith-J. F.-Smith-2127105908;M. Stryjczyk;P. Van Duppen;S. Viñals;V. Virtanen;N. Warr;K. Wrzosek-Lipska;M. Zielińska
通讯作者：
P. Butler;L. Gaffney;P. Spagnoletti;K. Abrahams;M. Bowry;J. Cederkäll;G. de Angelis;H. De Witte;P. Garrett;A. Goldkuhle;C. Henrich;A. Illana;K. Johnston;D. Joss;J. Keatings;N. Kelly;M. Komorowska;J. Konki;T. Kröll;M. Lozano;B. S. Nara Singh;D. O’Donnell;J. Ojala;R. Page;L. Pedersen;C. Raison;P. Reiter;Julia Bella Rodriguez;D. Rosiak;S. Rothe;M. Scheck;M. Seidlitz;T. Shneidman;B. Siebeck;J. Sinclair;J. F. Smith-J. F.-Smith-2127105908;M. Stryjczyk;P. Van Duppen;S. Viñals;V. Virtanen;N. Warr;K. Wrzosek-Lipska;M. Zielińska

Delayed or absent p ( h 11 / 2 ) 2 alignment in Xe 111

Xe 111 中的 p ( h 11 / 2 ) 2 对齐延迟或缺失